全球化浪潮之下的政治與經濟因素互動－以荷蘭東印度公司作為說明

Political Economic Interaction under Globalization-Dutch East India Company in the 17th and 18th Century

賴文儀(Mark W. Lai)

國際政治經濟 ； 政治經濟 ； 荷蘭東印度公司 ； International Political Economy ； Political Economy ； Dutch East India Company ； VOC

逢甲人文社會學報

28期（2014 / 06 / 01）

87 - 113

繁體中文

政治與經濟因素之間存在著複雜的互動關係，以下兩種基本立場常常出現在討論當中：第一，著重政府失靈的立場，認為經濟應該獨立運作，政治常常製造問題，政治是干擾經濟運作的因素。第二，著重市場失靈的立場，認為政治是輔助並修正經濟運作的因素。事實上，以上兩種立場在分析政治經濟問題時，常常是相似性高過相異性。本文討論經濟與政治因素之間的互動，並且推敲政治經濟的關聯性必然存在，無法各自獨立運作。有效率的政經發展來自於適應背景環境的調整，以及政治經濟彼此平衡的互相幫助。本文試圖以荷蘭東印度公司於十七至十八世紀的歷史作為例證，說明該國家與公司的結合在十七世紀的壯大解釋了有效率政治組織與活躍經濟力量結合的優勢，在十八世紀的逐漸衰弱，解釋了無效率政治組織無法有效管理經濟問題，甚至惡化了原本的市場力量，成為惡性循環。東印度公司的成功與衰弱並非自由市場理論的勝利，亦非國家力量的干涉所致，是政治經濟因素的平衡與失衡的結果。

There are three essential understanding of the relation between politics and economics. First, the discussion of politics and economics can be separated. Second, economic factors trumped the political ones. Third, political factors trumped the economic ones. This research attempted to explore and explain the fourth-the concept of political economy involved more complicated inferences. The political intervention to the economic realm does not necessarily lead to inefficiency. The efficient political factors could interact properly with the economic factors. This research adopted the history of Dutch East India Company in the 17th and 18th centuries to illustrate the argument. The findings offer implications for further theoretical debates and Taiwan's political economic policy making.

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