英文摘要
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As is well-known, interpretation of Chinese Confucianism underwent several great transformations. The big dividing signs of the history of Chinese Confucianism are as follows: "Confucianism of Wei and Jin Dynasties tended to be metaphysical;" "Confucianism of Tang Dynasty tended to be Buddhist in essence;" "Confucianism of Sung and Ming Dynasties tended to be rationalistic;" and "Confucianism of Qing Dynasties tended to be textological." Regardless of the received framework of periodization, this paper focuses deliberately on the interpretations of filial piety and the context of its practice in the Qing Dynasty. In so doing, it will attempt to supplement an important element in the canon of Confucianism; that is, how "filial piety" helped to reproduce new social and cultural order in the process of its interpretations and practice. In exploring the changes in the interpretation and practice of the Classics of Filial Piety (Xiaojing) in the Qing Dynasty, in addition to the inheritance from Integration of the Three Teachings- "sense of filial obligation" system in the Ming Dynasty, another path has yet received virtually no attention; that is, integrating Xiaojing with clanship or clan system. Using the "clan system" as its thematic thread, this paper discusses the transformation of the clanship in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially after the Qing Qianlong and Jiaqing Times, and explains its academic significance. Tracing the changes in the editions and annotations of the Classics of Filial Piety, this paper examines the significance of such changes and observes the various dynasties' interpretative changes of the Classic of Filial Piety, especially from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, referred to as the period of the middle-late Qing Dynasty, during which textological study prevailed. In fact, the integration of the Classic of Filial Piety and the clan system became utterly manifest in such a period. The significance of this research theme is not only to point out the genre of interpretation in the traditional research on filial piety but also to show how the intelligentsia enhanced the centripetal force during the late Qing Dynasty in a state of political turmoil by integrating the notion of "filial piety" with clanship and presented an academic discursive space different from the "sense of filial obligation."
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