水包油包水(w/o/w)油質佐劑對牛流行熱疫苗抗體消長之影響

Effect of water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) Oil Adjuvant on Long-term Antibody Response of Bovine Ephemeral Fever Vaccine

10.7009/TVJ.200712.0211

朱純燕(Chun-Yen Chu)；陳貞妗(Jan-Jin Chen)；陳銘政(Hunter Chen)

牛流行熱 ； 疫苗 ； 佐劑 ； bovine ephemeral fever ； vaccine ； adjuvant

臺灣獸醫學雜誌

33卷3&4期（2007 / 12 / 01）

211 - 216

繁體中文

牛流行熱(bovine ephemeral fever; BEF)是由桿狀病毒經庫蠓媒介傳染的牛病毒性疾病，本病在台灣及亞洲國家中呈週期性流行。本研究同時選用Tn73(1984)及Tn88128(1999)之台灣分離株為種毒株，將病毒力價提高為10^8.5 TCID50/mL，以BEI (binary ethylenimine)為不活化劑，加上水包油包水(w/o/w)之雙相油質佐劑研製新疫苗。於田間選用4-6月齡仔牛進行試驗，經基礎免疫後再間隔2-4週補強注射；結果於免疫後4-8週中和抗體力價最高可揚升至512倍，高峰期6-9個月，有效保護力價維持一年，顯著優於最高32倍，高峰期只持續3個月之氫氧化鋁膠疫苗。雙相油質佐劑牯稠度低容易注射，同時具有水質及油質疫苗之優點，可刺激長效型抗體之產生，使抗體高峰期持續至6個月以上，同時能刺激淋巴細胞增殖激發細胞性免疫反應，提供免疫牛群有效保護力。

Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEE) is a bovine viral disease that is transmitted by culicoides, its outbreak in Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries is periodical. To develop a new oil vaccine, we used both the Tn73 (1984) and Tn88128 (1999) strain as the master seed, elevated the titer of the vaccine to 10^8.5 TCID50/mL, and utilized BEI (binary ethylenimine) for the inactivation and included a special formulated water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) adjuvant. In the field trial, this vaccine was tested on 4-6-month-old calves, the animals were given the initial vaccination, followed by a booster dose 2-4 weeks later. The highest titer of the neutralization antibody was observed 4-8 weeks after inoculation, reaching 512× and with the peak lasting for 6-9 months, protecting the animals over a period of 1 year. This new w/o/w vaccine is far more superior to the conventional aluminum hydroxide (Al-gel) vaccine; the latter only gives a titer of 32×, and the peak lasting only 3 months. The w/o/w vaccine is highly syringeable and retains the advantages of both the Al-gel and oil based vaccine, which means, it stimulates not only the long-lasting antibody response but the activity of cell-mediated immunity, providing the effective protection for the herd of cattle.