高速公路休息站個數與區位選擇

The Location and Quantity of Highway Service Areas

10.30087/APEMR.201109.0002

許竹筌；黃金樹；蔡兆興

疲勞函數 ； 差異極小化原則 ； 高速公路休息站 ； Fatigue Function ； Principle of Minimum Differentiation ； Highway Service Area

亞太經濟管理評論

15卷1期（2011 / 09 / 01）

21 - 40

繁體中文

本文利用疲勞函數與保留價格等觀念，分別在獨占廠商與雙佔廠商架構下，討論休息站的最適區位問題，並得到下述結果：1.廠商設置高速公路休息區的區位準則為：城市端到休息區距離與休息區站間距離最長設置位置，不大於駕駛人疲勞麻痺臨界距離。2.在獨占下，當高速公路不夠長時，廠商祇會設置一個休息站，且設在道路的中點處；當路夠長時，會設置二個休息站，且會設置在離兩端點城市相等距離，並小於三分之一路長的地方。3.在雙佔下，當兩廠商同時設站時，會分別設在各端點城市的三分之一路長處；另外，相對於追隨廠商，領導廠商會設在離端點城市較遠的地方。

Based on the concepts of Fatigue function and reservation price, the optimal location for highway service areas is discussed respectively in the cases of monopoly and duopoly. Following conclusions have been derived: 1. Firms set the highway rest area location criteria: City-ended to rest area and rest area away from the longest distance between stations set up position is not greater than the driver fatigue numbness distance. 2. Under monopoly, if the highway has not exceeded enough length, only one service area will be set up by the firm, and the location of the service area will be at the midpoint of the highway. In the case when the highway has exceeded enough length, two service areas will be set up by the firm at the equal distance to the city on each end of the highway, and the distance is shorter than one third of the length of highway. 3. Under duopoly, when both firms set up service areas, the location of each service area will be at a point where the distance to the city on either end is about one third of the length of the highway. Furthermore, the leading firm, compared with the following firm, will set up the service area at a more distant location to the city at one end of the highway.

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