女子撐竿跳高選手支撐階段與起跳動作之運動學分析

The Analysis on the Influence of Pole and Takeoff Movements to Female Pole Vaulters' Performance

黃宏春(Hong-Chun Huang)；李亞瑾(Ya-Chin Lee)

撐竿跳高 ； 撐竿器材 ； 握竿高度 ； 起跳動作 ； Pole Vault ； Pole Equipment ； Grip Height ； Take-off Movement

高應科大體育

13期（2014 / 12 / 01）

104 - 115

繁體中文

本研究目的在於針對女子撐竿跳高選手竿子與支撐階段起跳動作進行運動學分析，並將分析結果提供教練、選手做為訓練及選材之參考。方法：以二部每秒120張畫面的攝影機（JVC9800），拍攝102年全國運動會女子撐竿跳高8名決賽選手為受試者，以Dempster（1955）14個肢段、21個關節點的人體模型，透過Kwon3D動作分析軟體實施二度空間的影片分析，結果與結論：1、女子選手握竿高度與成績達顯著相關（p＜.05, r=0.877），顯示握竿高度與成績具有密切的關係。2、起跳角度與成績達顯著負相關（p＜.05，r=-0.722），顯示較低起跳角度對女子選手的成績表現較有利。3、起跳時垂直速度過大，易造成起跳後向前彎竿的動能不足，無法達到良好豎竿位置。4、左右手插竿水平與垂直速度左手速度大於右手，較慢推竿速度將造成下肢動作過快，因此影響起跳後續捲體動作表現。建議：提高握竿高度與增加起跳速度將有利於成績表現。

Purpose: The study aims at analyzing pole female vaulters' pole and takeoff skills as well as providing training references for coaches and athletes. Method: Two cameras (JVC) with speed of 120 frames per second were used to film the and female pole vault final of National Track and Field Competition in 2005. This study used Dempster's (1995)14-segment and 21-point body model and Kwon 3D movement analytical program to do two dimensional films analyze. Results and Conclusions:1. Grip height is related to the performance for female, that means to performance. 2. The takeoff angle is an inverse ratio to the grade for female pole vault. That means a smaller takeoff angle will be able to reach a better grade. 3. While taking off, if the horizontal speed and the vertical speed don't distribute appropriately, the vertical speed will become too fast and the pole bending power will decrease. Therefore, it will become very difficult to reach a proper plant position. 4. The horizontal and vertical velocity in the right and left hand that left hand was greater than right hand. The slower pushing speed will cause the inferior limb too fast and influence the take-off motion. Suggestions: Enhance the holding altitude and take-off speed will be able to reach a better performance.