冠心病病人其疾病認知、疾病態度、生理症狀困擾與自我照顧行為之探討－以南臺灣某醫學中心為例

To Explore Disease Knowledge, Disease Attitude, Physical Symptom Distress and Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: An Example from a Medical Center in Southern Taiwan

10.6692/KJN-2017-34-2-2

陳惠芳(Hui-Fang Chen)；戴玫瑰(Mei-Kuei Tai)

冠心病 ； 疾病認知 ； 態度 ； 生理症狀困擾 ； 自我照顧行為 ； coronary artery disease ； disease knowledge ； disease attitude ； physical symptom distress ； self-care behaviors

高雄護理雜誌

34卷2期（2017 / 08 / 01）

14 - 27

繁體中文

本研究目的在探討冠心病病人其疾病認知、疾病態度、生理症狀困擾與自我照顧行為的相關性，並進一步了解其影響因素。採橫斷式調查法，在南部某一醫學中心心臟科病房收集資料，研究對象為88位門診入院接受常規心導管檢查之冠心病病人，以冠狀動脈疾病認知、冠狀動脈疾病態度、冠狀動脈疾病自我照顧行為量表及主觀生理症狀量表進行調查，使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異分析、Pearson's積差相關與逐步複迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。結果顯示自我照顧行為與疾病認知、疾病態度有正相關；而自我照顧行為與生理症狀困擾無關。疾病認知程度越高、疾病態度越正向，自我照顧行為越好。「疾病態度總分」、「認知總分」、「教育程度」為自我照顧行為之相關因子，可解釋39.3%之總變異量，其中又以「疾病態度總分」最具影響；而心悸與自我照顧行為有關聯(r = .27, p ＜ .05)，是顯著且值得關注的困擾症狀。本研究結果有助於日後醫護人員在照顧冠心病患者自我照顧衛教計畫之參考依據，提供患者個別性、適切性之護理指導，藉由醫療專業處置，改善生理症狀困擾，降低心臟病猝死危機。

The purpose of this study was to explore the correlations of disease knowledge, disease attitude, physical symptom distress, and self-care behaviors for patients with coronary artery disease. A cross-sectional design was conducted. Participants who received an elective coronary angiography were recruited from cardiovascular wards in a Medical Center in southern Taiwan. A total of 88 subjects were included. Structured questionnaires were administered for the collection of data. These included scales of disease knowledge, disease attitude, and physical symptom distress, and self-care behaviors of patients with coronary artery disease as well. Statistical analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results demonstrated that self-care behaviors were significantly positively associated with disease knowledge and disease attitude. However, self-care behaviors had no significant correlation with physical symptom distress. Moreover, the higher the degree of disease knowledge, the more positive the disease attitude, and the score of self-care behaviors was better. The total scores of ＂disease attitude＂, ＂disease knowledge＂, and ＂education＂ together accounted for 39.3% of the statistical variance. Of these, ＂disease attitude＂ was the most significant factor of self-care behaviors. Besides, palpitation was related to self-care behaviors (r = .27, p ＜ .05), which was a significant syndrome distress. This study may offer a reference for clinical staff teams to providing patient education. It might help to remove patients' physical symptom distress, and provide impetus for decreasing their sudden cardiac death.