某技術學院護理學生對職業災害認知之探討

The Study of Nursing College Students' Cognition of Occupational Hazards

10.6974/TCNJ.200206.0047

莊昭華(Chao-Hua Chuang)；鄭靜瑜(Ching-Yu Cheng)

職業危害 ； 針扎 ； 消毒劑 ； 化療藥劑 ； occupational hazards ； needle-stick ； antiseptic agent ； cytotoxic drug

志為護理-慈濟護理雜誌

1卷2期（2002 / 06 / 01）

47 - 55

繁體中文

本研究目的在於了解現今教育體系下，護理學生於畢業後投入職場工作時，對其周遭存在的危害因子及其可能造成之職業危害的認知情形。本研究的工具為研究者自擬之半結構式問卷；研究對象為南部某技術學院護理二技、日二專及夜二專學生。本研究共發出190份問卷，有效回收率為91.6%。研究結果顯示：(1)護理學生認為護理人員最可能遭受之職業危害依序為針扎、感染傳染病、輻射、椎間盤突出、化療藥劑等項；(2)96%的研究對象認為護理人員是屬於職業衛生服務的對象，且認為醫院中與護理人員職業災害防制或管制最有關的單位為感染控制小組；(3)職業災害知識得分部份，得分百分比最高的部份，二技及日二專學生為化療藥劑，夜二專學生為輻射；最低得分部份三組學生皆為消毒劑；(4)結核病、人體工學、化療藥劑、輻射等部份之得分在三組間有顯著差異性，針扎、消毒劑則無顯著差異。研究結果可提供護理教育界作為課程設計或醫院進行在職教育之參考。

The purpose of this study was to understand nursing students' cognition and knowledge on occupational hazardous factors around working places. The research tool was a semi-structural questionnaire developed by the researchers. One hundred and ninety nursing students participated in the study and were divided into 3 groups: the junior students in the college (group A), the two-year day school students in the college (group B), and the two-year night school students in the college (group C). Results of the study showed 1. The most frequently chosen occupational hazardous factors were needle-stick injuries, infectious diseases, radiation, herniated intervertebral disc, and chemical agents; 2. The majority of the participants (96%) believed that nurses occupational health was protected by the occupational health department; 3. For the knowledge of occupational hazards, group A and B got the highest scores in the ”chemical agents” part while the group C did in the ”radiation” part. However, all groups had the lowest scores in the ”antiseptic agents” part; 4. There were significant differences among 3 groups in the scores on the ”tuberculosis,” ”physical mechanism,” ”cytotoxic drug,” and ”radiation. The results showed that students could identify some occupational hazards but did not own enough knowledge. Also, students who had working experiences or higher education did not have more knowledge on occupational hazards Therefore, school may need to open courses about occupational hazards and hospitals or clinics may need to design in service education or training on it.