老年人肌少症之預防與照護

Prevention and Management of Geriatric Sarcopenia

林詩淳(Shih-Chun Lin)；蔡坤維(Kun-Wei Tsai)；陳妙文(Mia-Wen Chen)；辜美安(Malcolm Koo)

肌少症 ； 老年人 ； 照護 ； care ； elderly ； sarcopenia

志為護理-慈濟護理雜誌

14卷2期（2015 / 04 / 01）

62 - 68

繁體中文

肌少症是骨骼肌肌肉量減少和肌肉功能下降的現象，其盛行率隨著年齡增加，因此在老年人頗為常見。由於肌少症與衰弱症、失能、住院，甚至死亡率上升等結果有密切的關連，故此，臨床護理人員有必要加強對肌少症的認識，以提供老年人良好的健康照護。肌少症診斷可藉肌肉量、肌力和生理表現診斷。預防及照護方法除了鼓勵老年人保持運動的習慣、攝取足夠蛋白質和維生素D外，並提醒初期臥床老年人的家屬和照顧者有關病患運動對幫助防止肌肉萎縮的重要性。目前，肌少症的研究仍然在發展的初期，護理人員應注意肌少症的最新研究進展，以便提供老年人最適切有效的預防和照護。

Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. Its prevalence increases with age and therefore, is commonly seen in elderly individuals. Since sarcopenia is closely associated with frailty, disabilities, hospitalization, and mortality in the elderly patients, it is crucial for clinical nursing professionals to broaden their understanding of the condition to provide optimal management. Sarcopenia can be diagnosed based on the assessment of muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Regarding the prevention and management of sarcopenia, elderly individuals should be encouraged to exercise regularly, consume adequate amounts of protein and vitamin D. In addition, caretakers and family members of patients who have recently become bedridden must be reminded of the importance of exercise in preventing muscle atrophy. Currently, research in this area is still in its early stage. Nursing professionals should keep up with the latest medical advances relevant to sarcopenia so as to implement prevention and management strategies more effectively.

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