直腸癌病人行肛門括約肌保留手術後出現低前位切除症候群之照護

The Care of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome After Sphincter-Sparing Surgery in Patients with Rectal Cancer

10.6880/TJON.202306_23(1).02

徐嘉璘(Chia-Lin Shu)；洪基翔(Ji-Shiang Hung)

直腸癌 ； 肛門括約肌保留手術 ； 低前位切除症候群 ； Rectal cancer ； sphincter-sparing surgery ； low anterior resection syndrome

腫瘤護理雜誌

23卷1期（2023 / 06 / 01）

17 - 24

繁體中文;英文

直腸癌行肛門括約肌保留手術後，多數病人出現腸道功能障礙，經歷排便失禁、頻便、急迫性解便等排便型態紊亂，此症狀稱為低前位切除症候群（Low anterior resection syndrome, LARS），會造成病人害怕出門、社交困難，嚴重影響病人手術後的生活品質。隨著治療演進與存活率不斷提升，直腸癌倖存者日漸增加，低前位切除症候群的照護開始受到重視。護理人員於臨床照護中，提供醫療照護、護理指導及護理諮詢等角色功能，故本文藉由文獻查證針對直腸癌行肛門括約肌保留手術後造成腸道功能障礙的相關因子、評估方式及照護措施進行探討，期望能幫助醫療人員對於直腸癌手術後出現低前位切除症候群者，給予個別性的護理措施與指導，協助病人改善症狀、適應手術後排便型態紊亂，回歸日常生活，以提升病人直腸癌手術後的生活品質。

Most rectal cancer patients who have undergone sphincter-sparing surgery experience bowel dysfunction and defecation disorders such as defecation incontinence, frequent defecation, and urgent defecation. These postoperative symptoms, known as the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), make it difficult for patients to go out and socialize, thereby significantly compromising their quality of life. As treatment methods are continuously evolving and the survival rate is constantly rising, the number of rectal cancer survivors is increasing every day. The care of patients with LARS is therefore gaining attention. In addition to medical care, nurses also provide nursing guidance and consultation during clinical care. We have reviewed the associated literature, and discussed the relevant factors, assessment methods, and nursing measures for intestinal dysfunction caused by sphincter-sparing surgery in patients with rectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to help medical staff develop tailored nursing measures and guidance for patients who developed LARS after rectal cancer surgery in order to help them alleviate their symptoms, adapt to postoperative defecation disorder, and return to a normal life, thereby effectively improving their quality of life after surgery.

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