論全球化與跨國高等教育對高等教育國際化的新啟示

Globalization and Transnational Higher Education: New Implications for the Internationalization of Higher Education

10.6357/CCES.200505.0067

姜麗娟(Li-Chuan Chiang)

全球化 ； 跨國高等教育 ； 高等教育國際化 ； globalization ； transnational higher education ； internationalization of higher education

中正教育研究

4卷1期（2005 / 05 / 31）

67 - 98

繁體中文

在經濟全球化的衝擊下，國際間資本與人力的角力戰愈加白熱化，這些驅力逐漸翻新高等教育的供給面與需求面，而跨國高等教育成為高等教育全球化下一個重要的議題，同時也促成高等教育國際化論述的變遷，國際化從過去較屬大學「外掛式」(add-on)而非經常性活動，轉向成為大學院校經營策略與組織文化變革手段的核心焦點，從過去的合作轉向競爭本質；因此，當這些變化挑戰傳統的高等教育協調模式時，它帶給高等教育國際化新的啟示。儘管如此，當國際化成為國內高等教育重要政策之際，跨國高等教育議題對前者的意涵仍未引起太多注意與討論。但也鑑於全球化與高等教育研究中仍乏可用以建構理論或屬較完整的分析架構，本文首將重新概念在全球化下Burton Clark (1983)的高等教育協調三角（國家－高等教育－市場）；第二、具體地以前述架構分析跨國高等教育運作模式及其對高等教育國際化的意涵；第三、剖析國內目前對跨國高等教育規範的法令規章及其對國內高等教育國際化其它可能性發展的限制；最後，依據本文論述，對未來國內高等教育國際化政策的發展提出建議。

Under the impacts of economic globalization, the international competitions for capitals and talents have become intense. This situation has gradually changed higher education. One of visible changes is increasing transnational higher education (TNE), which has becomes a significant aspect of the globalization of higher education. This has led to a change in the discourse of higher education. This discourse is a core element in planning, management, and culture of universities. It is also turning the nature of internationalization of higher education from cooperation to competition. Thus, while traditional coordination of higher education has been challenged, these factors brings new implications for internationalization of higher education. This study attempts to put forward an extended framework to re-conceptualize Clark's triangle of coordination (1983) for globalization and higher education research. This extended framework is adopted to analyze the operation of the TNE and its implications for internationalization of higher education. While internationalization of higher education has become an important higher education policy in Taiwan, the implications of the TNE for internationalization are relatively ignored. After reviewing the current state of the TNE in Taiwan through examining laws and regulations, the conservative attitude of the government toward the TNE is clearly revealed. Such a conservative attitude might limit internationalization of higher education. Finally, the implications of TNE for internationalization of higher education in Taiwan are discussd in this study.

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