女子三級跳遠選手助跑與踏板起跳階段技術分析

Analysis of the Approach and Takeoff Techniques of Women Triple Jumpers

10.29697/JPE.201105.0001

高玉娟(Yu-Chuan Kao)；黃長福(Chen-Fu Huang)

三級跳遠 ； 助跑 ； 踏板起跳階段 ； triple jump ； approach ； takeoff phase

輔仁大學體育學刊

10期（2011 / 05 / 31）

1 - 12

繁體中文

Purpose: This study investigated the last three strides and takeoff characteristics of women triple jumpers and the results can provide the coaches and athletes for the better triple jump training. Method: One camera operated 210 Hz was used to record the motion of eight female triple jump players in the final game of 2009 National Intercollegiate Athletic Games. A 2D of the motion videos was conducted based on the body model of 14 segments and 21 marks, Results and Conclusions: (1) The average lengths of the players' last three strides were not significantly different (1.99, 1.94, and 1.90m, respectively), suggesting that the triple jumpers maintained a rather stable tempo of their final strides. A decline in the average velocity of their center of gravity (CG) during the last three strides was observed (9.26, 8.66, and 8.48 m/s respectively). However, only the velocities in the last third and the first stride were found to have a significant relationship with the players' performance (r=0.690, r=0.671, p＜.05). (2) For the last two strides of the body CG height at takeoff and landing, only the height of the CG at takeoff in the last two stride was found to have a significant relationship with performance (r=0.676, p＜.05). (3) The horizontal and resultant velocities of the CG at the instant of takeoff were highly related to performance (r=0.946, r=0.926, p＜.01). This finding implies that horizontal velocity and resultant velocity are important factors of triple jump performance. (4) The average angle of the body CG takeoff was 16.25 degrees, which have a significantly negative relationship with performance. (5) The players had a smaller knee angle in the last first stride to the landing after hop. They tended to slightly bend their knees in preparation for takeoff. Suggestions: Players should improve their ability to accelerate the approach and take off at the maximum velocity in order to improve the jumping performance.

Purpose: This study investigated the last three strides and takeoff characteristics of women triple jumpers and the results can provide the coaches and athletes for the better triple jump training. Method: One camera operated 210 Hz was used to record the motion of eight female triple jump players in the final game of 2009 National Intercollegiate Athletic Games. A 2D of the motion videos was conducted based on the body model of 14 segments and 21 marks, Results and Conclusions: (1) The average lengths of the players' last three strides were not significantly different (1.99, 1.94, and 1.90m, respectively), suggesting that the triple jumpers maintained a rather stable tempo of their final strides. A decline in the average velocity of their center of gravity (CG) during the last three strides was observed (9.26, 8.66, and 8.48 m/s respectively). However, only the velocities in the last third and the first stride were found to have a significant relationship with the players' performance (r=0.690, r=0.671, p＜.05). (2) For the last two strides of the body CG height at takeoff and landing, only the height of the CG at takeoff in the last two stride was found to have a significant relationship with performance (r=0.676, p＜.05). (3) The horizontal and resultant velocities of the CG at the instant of takeoff were highly related to performance (r=0.946, r=0.926, p＜.01). This finding implies that horizontal velocity and resultant velocity are important factors of triple jump performance. (4) The average angle of the body CG takeoff was 16.25 degrees, which have a significantly negative relationship with performance. (5) The players had a smaller knee angle in the last first stride to the landing after hop. They tended to slightly bend their knees in preparation for takeoff. Suggestions: Players should improve their ability to accelerate the approach and take off at the maximum velocity in order to improve the jumping performance.

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