運動階段、社會體型焦慮與運動行為之研究

A Study of Exercise Stage, Social Physique Anxiety, and Exercise Behavior

10.29697/JPE.201205.0005

鄭豐譯(Fang-Yi Cheng)；莊淑（王如）(Shu-Ru Chuang)；聶喬齡(Chiao-Lin Nien)

大學生 ； 差異性 ； 健身運動行為 ； university student ； difference ； exercise behavior

輔仁大學體育學刊

11期（2012 / 05 / 31）

72 - 87

繁體中文

本研究主要探討不同運動階段、社會體型焦慮與運動行為之關係。以及性別與不同運動階段在社會體型焦慮與運動行為的差異情形。以610位大學生參與研究問卷調查，男生262名平均年齡18.40±0.62歲、女生348名平均年齡為18.38±0.66歲。研究工具包含社會體型焦慮、運動階段及運動行為等量表。資料分析以描述性統計、點二系列相關、積差相關、獨立樣本t考驗與單因子變異數分析及雪費法進行分析。研究結果發現：一、運動階段與社會體型焦慮及運動行為有低至中度的關條。社會體型焦慮和運動行為是負相關。二、大學男生的運動行為高於大學女生，在社會體型焦慮則低於大學女生。三、在不同運動階段的大學男生，社會體型焦慮與運動行為有差異性存在；大學女生的社會體型焦慮沒有差異性，運動行為上有差異情形存在。結論為運動階段、社會體型焦慮與運動行為之間具有關聯性，運動階段越高的大學男生，運動行為會愈高與較低社會體型焦慮的程度。大學女生在不同運動階段的社會體型焦慮反應都較為類似。顯示出大學女生對自我體型的關注與主觀感受都較為明顯，使得不同運動階段的社會體型焦慮感覺程度較為偏高。

In the research, the relationship between different exercise stage, social physique anxiety and exercise behavior is discussed. The difference, in terms of gender and different exercise stage, in social physique anxiety and exercise behavior is also discussed. A total of 610 university students participated in the questionnaire investigation. There were 262 male students and the average age was 18.40 ± 0.62. There were 348 female students and the average age was 18.38 ± 0.66. The research tools used included scales regarding social physique anxiety, exercise stage and exercise behavior. In terms of data analysis, descriptive analysis, point-biserial correlation, Pearson's product-moment correlation, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's method were applied. The research results were: 1. There was a low to moderate relationship between exercise stage, social physique anxiety and exercise behavior. Social physique anxiety was negatively correlated with exercise behavior. 2. Male university students showed higher exercise behavior than that of female students and their social physique anxiety was lower than that of female students. 3. In terms of male university students in different exercise stages, there were significant differences between their social physique anxiety and exercise behavior. For female university students, they showed no difference in social physique anxiety yet there were differences among them in terms of exercise behavior. In conclusion, there is a relationship between exercise stage, social physique anxiety and exercise behavior. For male university students in higher exercise stage, their exercise behavior is higher whereas their social physique anxiety is lower. However, it is worthwhile to notice that female university students' social physique anxiety is the same despite different exercise stages. It may due to that, female university students' attention and subjective feeling toward their physique are more obvious which leads to higher social physique anxiety despite the exercise stage.

1. 林佑真、溫啟邦、魏沛文(2007)。台灣地區成年人之休閒運動行為與健康行為、健康狀況、健康相關生活品質之關係探討。臺灣公共衛生雜誌，26(3)，218-228。
   連結：
2. 林季燕、季力康(2003)。大專女生身體質量指數、主觀知覺體重與社會體型焦慮之研究。大專體育學刊，5(2)，103-109。
   連結：
3. 侯心雅、盧鴻毅(2008)。身材不滿意之決定因子及身材不滿意對瘦身意圖的影響：以女大學生為例。健康促進與衛生教育學報，29，119-138。
   連結：
4. 陳忠勝、卓俊伶(2007)。身體活動與身體意象的性別差異。中華體育季刊，21(3)，27-35。
   連結：
5. 行政院衛生署國民健康局（2011）。健康減重傳播策略之建立－從解讀瘦身廣告訊息及訪談年輕族群對廣告訊息看法著手。2011 年2 月17 日，取自http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw
6. Aşçı, F. H.,Tüzün, M.,Koca, C.(2006).An examination of eating attitudes and physical activity levels of turkish university students with regard to self-presentational concern.Eating Behaviors,7(4),362-367.
7. Ashford, J. B.、LeCroy, C. W.、Lortie, K. L.、林哲立譯、邱曉君譯、顏菲麗譯(2007)。人類行為與社會環境。臺北市:雙葉。
8. Brunet, J.,Sabiston, C. M.,Dorsch, K. D.,McCreary, D. R.(2010).Exploring a model linking social physique anxiety, drive for muscularity, drive for thinness and self-esteem among adolescent boys and girls.Body Image,7(2),137-142.
9. Buckworth, J.,Nigg, C.(2004).Physical activity, exercise, and sedentary behavior in college students.Journal of American College Health,53,28-34.
10. Cardinal, B. J.,Tuominen, K. J.,Rintala, P.(2004).Cross-cultural comparison of American and Finnish college students' exercise behavior using transtheoretical model constructs.Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,75,92-101.
11. Grieve, F. G.,Jackson, L.,Reece, T.,Marklin, L.,Delaney, A.(2008).Correlates of social physique anxiety in men.Journal of Sport Behavior,31,329-337.
12. Hart, E. A.,Leary, M. R.,Rejeski, W. J.(1989).The measurement of social physique anxiety.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,11(1),94-104.
13. Hausenblas, H. A.,Brewer, B. W.,Van Raalte, J. L.(2004).Self-presentation and exercise.Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,16,3-18.
14. Kotrlik, J. W.,Williams, H. A.(2003).The incorporation of effect size in information technology, learning, and performance research.Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal,21(1),1-7.
15. Lantz, C. D.,Hardy, C. J.(1997).Social physique anxiety and perceived exercise behavior.Journal of Sport Behavior,20,83-93.
16. Lox, C. L.,Martin Ginis, K. A.,Petruzzello, S. J.(2010).The psychology of exercise: Integrating theory and practice.Scottsdale, AZ:Holcomb Hathaway.
17. Mack, D. E.,Strong, H. A.,Kowalski, K. C.,Crocker, P. R. E.(2007).Does friendship matter? An examination of social physique anxiety in adolescence.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,37,1248-1264.
18. Marshall, J. R.,Mardia, V. K.(1985).Minimun norm quadratic estimation of components of spatial covariance.Mathematical Geology,17,517-525.
19. McAuley, E.,Marquez, D. X.,Jerome, G. J.,Blissmer, B.,Katula, J.(2002).Physical activity and physique anxiety in older adults: Fitness, and efficacy influences.Aging and Mental Health,6(3),222-230.
20. Prochaska, J. O.,DiClemente, C. C.(1983).Stages and processes of self-change in smoking: Towards an integrative model of change.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,51,390-395.
21. Sparling, P. B.,Snow, T. K.(2002).Physical activity pattern in recent college alumni.Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,73,200-205.
22. 李明憲、林旭龍、呂昌明(2002)。四種簡易身體活動測量問卷效度、信度之探討─以 RT3 Tri-axial三度空間加速器為效標。衛生教育學報，17，1-14。
23. 林旭龍、呂昌明(2002)。應用跨理論模式於大學女生身體活動之研究─改變階段模式之效度。衛生教育學報，18，127-140。
24. 林季燕、馮家榆(2008)。以自我決定理論預測大專體育課學生動機、興趣及努力之研究。臺中教育大學體育學系系刊，3，1-8。
25. 林宜平、周麗端、翁惠瑛、王英偉、劉潔心、賴苡汝(2008)。2020健康國民白皮書技術報告。苗栗縣:國家衛生研究院。
26. 許義忠、莊麗君、葉智魁(2007)。以時間日記法評量大學生休閒與自由時間之運用。觀光研究學報，13(4)，289-308。
27. 黃耀宗(2009)。博士論文(博士論文)。桃園縣，國立體育大學。
28. 劉影梅、洪永泰、黃璉華、陳俊忠、姚開屏、蔣立琦(2005)。行政院衛生署國民健康局九十三年度科技報告研究發展計畫報告行政院衛生署國民健康局九十三年度科技報告研究發展計畫報告,行政院衛生署國民健康局。
29. 盧俊宏、黃瀅靜(1999)。大專學生社會體型焦慮、身體質量指數和運動行為之關係研究。大專體育學刊，1(2)，129-137。
30. 謝偉雄(2009)。不同背景因素之大學生、運動參與行為在健身運動自我呈現、社會體型焦慮之差異比較。雲科大體育，11，107-122。

1. 莊淑珈(2015)。有氧舞蹈教學影片對社會體型焦慮、整體身體自我概念與運動行為意圖之影響。臺灣運動心理學報，15(1)，53-73。