2004年雅典奧運跆拳道金牌選手朱木炎成才探悉

Analysis of Successful Way of 2004 Athens Olympic Taekwondo Gold Medalist Mu-YenChu

邱共鉦(Kung-Cheng Chiu)

對打 ； 選材 ； 育才 ； Kyorugi ； Selection ； Nurture

輔仁大學體育學刊

14期（2015 / 07 / 31）

105 - 120

繁體中文

臺灣跆拳道參加國際競技運動起源於1973年第一屆世界跆拳道錦標賽，經由軍中的啟迪，逐步邁入社會發展再導入學校發展期。朱木炎選手分別在2004年雅典及2008年北京奧運奪得1金1銅，樹立臺灣各項競技運動參加奧運比賽成績之最，其成功因素值得探討與研究。瞭解其培養過程，探索朱木炎成才的規律，分析其特點，對於日後優秀跆拳道選手之培養有其重要價值。以非正式訪談法，訪談朱木炎及家人、教練、同儕選手計27人；彙整中華隊教練訓練紀錄、技術情報搜索與分析再綜合體育科學理論，理性探討選手育才實踐經驗及成才規律。朱木炎選手其備下列特質：一、生理。體型瘦高，身體素質能力優異。二、心理。勇敢好鬥、追求卓越的精神、並富有沉穩的思路，兼具靈活與興奮型神經的選手，性格性情開朗、企圖心強、能吃苦耐勞永不放棄的精神。在養成階段遭受晚發育、運動傷害及意外傷害所干擾，經醫師照料，教練、家人及同儕的關懷與鼓舞，使其持續訓練亦是重要的成功環節。其成才模式為教練不揠苗助長，啟蒙階段以發展全面的身體素質為主；教練的適時鼓勵並訂定目標；15-16歲開始加強專項技術、專項素質訓練；17-18歲強化專項訓練，亦是建構完整訓練體系的一環。

The taekwondo in Taiwan has evolved since 1973, with players appearing in a variety of international competitions, including the first ever world-wide taekwondo tournament. Initially, the government introduced thetaekwondo to the military and gradually developed into a social sport. Finally, the taekwondo was improved for students, which was called the ＂school development stage＂. Mu-Yen Chu, who established an excellent achievement in Taiwan athletics, has already won a gold medal at Athens Olympics in 2004 and a bronze medal and Beijing Olympics in 2008 respectively. The successful factors were employed to explore the training process and analyze the characteristics, which was very important to train outstanding taekwondo athletes in the future. The main research purpose included interviews, questionnaires, and training records. Finally, 27 people were interviewed informally, including Chu's family, coaches, classmates and himself. Finally, the training record, technique information, and exercise science are integrated. The result suggested that Mu-Yen Chu possessed several distinguishing characteristics: 1. Physically: tall and slim figure and great physical constitution. 2. Psychologically: bravery, ambition and aggressiveness. Besides, he intended to be an agile and dynamic contestant with sanguinepersonality. Unfortunately, during the early phases of training, he encountered some medical difficulties as a result of rigorous training. With the encouragement and care of doctors, coaches, family and friends, he returned to constant discipline. The well-trained mode: the coach focused on developing his healthy body condition instead of forcing him to attend a higher level as a child. The coach's goal: to enhance taekwondo techniques and strengthen his healthy body when he was 15-16 years old. Then a thorough and systematic training would be provided when he was 17-18 years old.

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