休閒運動阻礙之研究－以乳癌存活者為例

A qualitative exploration of breast cancer survivors' barriers in leisure sport participation

戴雯緣(Wen-Yuan Tai)；楊宗文(Tsung-Wen Yang)；林慧萍(Hui-Ping Lin)

休閒阻礙階層模式 ； 身體活動 ； 生活品質 ； Hierarchical model of leisure constraints ； Physical activity ； Quality of life

輔仁大學體育學刊

18期（2019 / 07 / 31）

1 - 19

繁體中文

研究目的：乳癌的罹病年齡逐年下降，應促進患者參與休閒活動，透過非醫學治療的方式，達到提升生活品質的目的。即使瞭解運動的益處，臺灣目前乳癌存活者運動比率仍低，故本研究欲探討乳癌存活者參與休閒時所遇之阻礙，以供未來研究及運動計畫參考。方法：本研究以Crawford與Godbey之休閒阻礙階層模式為基礎，擬定訪談大綱，並以半結構式訪談法訪問8位乳癌存活者。結果：研究結果發現乳癌存活者參與休閒活動多以促進健康為目的，而面臨的阻礙因素包含：（一）個人內在阻礙：害怕他人眼光、對疾病與療程的認知、過去經驗（二）人際阻礙：本研究之受訪者多傾向獨自參與運動，故尚無發現具人際阻礙的問題（三）結構阻礙：資訊不足、時間管理等。另外，本研究發現疲憊、淋巴水腫、不合適的內衣與配戴義乳等特殊的生理因素也會造成休閒運動阻礙，但這些因素並未涵蓋於此理論。結論：休閒阻礙階層模式可在相當程度上反應乳癌存活者之休閒阻礙因素，包含與疾病相關的認知及擔憂、運動的資訊來源、時間管理等因素，但仍有部分如生理差異造成的阻礙因素無法納入其中，故建議未來可增加研究人數或其他特殊族群，加以驗證此理論的擴展空間。

Research Purpose: The age of breast cancer survivors is decreasing year by year. They should be encouraged to try some non-medical treatments, such as doing leisure sports to elevate their quality of life. Although most of the survivors know the benefits of attending physical activities, their participation still remains low. Thus, this study aims to explore their obstacles of participating in leisure sports in order to provide reference for future related studies and exercise plans. Methods: Adopting the leisure constraint hierarchical model constructed by Crawford, and Godbey. Base on the model to designed and generate interview questions for having several semi-structured interviews with 8 breast cancer survivors. Results: The breast cancer survivors aim to promote their health by participating in leisure sports activities. Barriers of doing leisure sports: (a). interpersonal factors: They are afraid of other 's judgment, their awareness of disease and treatment, and negative past experiences. (b). intrapersonal factors: The interviewees in this study tend to do physical activities alone that makes them feel more relaxed, so there are no intrapersonal barriers canbe found in this study. (c). organizational factors: In the lack of knowledge and time management.(d). Physical factors: fatigue, lymphedema, uncomfortable bra, fake breast (s). However, the above factors of barriers have not be included in this model. Conclusion: The hierarchical model of leisure constraints reflects most of the constraints of breast cancer survivors in joining physical activities such as the knowledge and fear regarding the cancer, the information of physical activities and time management etc. Nevertheless there are still some factors that cannot be included in this model, for instance, the barriers caused by physiological differences. It is suggested to increase the number of researchers or other ethnic groups to verify whether the scope of this model can be extended or not in the future by adding more layers of factors.

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