以使用者為中心的設計優化博物館數位典藏網站之使用性評估

Usability Evaluation of Museum's Digital Collection Website with the Optimization of User-Centered Design

林莉純(Li-Chun Lin)；陳玫岑(Mei-Tsen Chen)；潘惠如(Huei-Ru Pan)；陳秀婷(Xiu-Ting Chen)；魏孟君(Meng-Chun Wei)

使用性 ； 使用者中心的設計 ； 博物館 ； 網站設計 ； 數位典藏 ； usability ； user-centered design ； museum ； web design ； digital collection

科技博物

27卷1期（2023 / 03 / 01）

67 - 97

繁體中文;英文

博物館採取數位的方法典藏物件、文獻、建築、遺址等各種實體物件，為公開予社會大眾大多會建置數位典藏網站進行保存，同時也藉由網路無遠弗屆的特性，與世界各地的公民分享，展現各自的文化與特色。臺灣的數位典藏內容的轉化應用，實踐了文化近用（accessibility）的倡議、在COVID-19疫情期間作為師生教學與學習的資源，以及成為社會大眾休閒管道的角色，在在都彰顯了數位典藏在文化、社會、教育的價值。使用性（usability）是一個數位典藏網站必備的條件之一。本研究以國立科學工藝博物館營運的電信數位博物館網站為個案，在採用使用者為中心的設計（User-Centered Design, UCD）方法改版之後，進行使用性評估，同時呈現UCD於實務操作的過程。本研究從10名受試者的操作中觀察，並於後進行訪談與問卷調查，以評估網站的使用性及發掘使用性問題（usability issue）。研究結果發現該網站整體的使用性尚屬良好，並發現須進一步改善的使用性問題，包括部分類別的檢索功能耗時，翻頁功能非當今普遍的直覺設計，以及應提供更細緻的搜尋功能等，這些使用性問題應秉持UCD的精神與方法，持續研究予以優化。

The museum adopts digital methods to preserve various entities such as cultural relics, works of literature, architecture, and ruins have been digitally preserved, and shared with global citizens and showcase their culture. Another purpose is to transform and apply the content of the collection. For Taiwan's museums, whether it is preservation or application, technology is used to achieve cultural accessibility. During the COVID-19 epidemic, digital collection content has become a learning tool and channel and a leisure channel for the general public. All of which highlights the value of digital collections in culture, society, and education. Usability is the fundamental aspect to be considered for digital collection websites. This study takes the website of the Telecommunication Digital Museum, operated by the National Science and Technology Museum, as a case study. It evaluates the usability of the revised version using the User-Centered Design (UCD) method, and the practical process of the UCD revision. In this study, 10 participants were observed during the website's usage to collect usability issues, and post-interviews and post-questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the website's usability. The results show that the overall usability of the website is relatively positive. In addition, some usability problems that need to be further improved have been identified, including the search function being slightly time-consuming, the page-turning function not being intuitive, and the need for more detailed search functions. These usability issues can be continuously researched and optimized in the spirit and methods of UCD.

1. Desmet, P. M. A.,Hekkert, P.(2007).Framework of product experience.International Journal of Design,1,57-66.
   連結：
2. Desmet, P. M. A.,Hekkert, P.(2007).Framework of product experience.International Journal of Design,1,57-66.
   連結：
3. 吳怡青,邱炯友(2020)。博物館出版之知識典藏與數位時代傳播策略：國立故宮博物院個案研析。圖資與檔案學刊，96，41-65。
   連結：
4. 范成偉(2005)。博物館數位典藏的知識加值概念研究。科技博物，9(4)，71-84。
   連結：
5. 徐典裕,劉杏津,王秀雯(2011)。兒童學習網站融入遊戲因子之研究─ 以國立自然科學博物館兒童數位博物館為例。博物館學季刊，25(2)，65-91。
   連結：
6. 浦青青(2019)。從休閒觀點探討博物館參與及非參與─以國立科學工藝博物館為例。科技博物，23(2)，5-47。
   連結：
7. 許峻誠(2019)。使用者經驗研究的回顧與展望。資訊社會研究，36，27-37。
   連結：
8. 陳和琴(2001)。Metadata 與數位典藏之研討。大學圖書館，5(2)，2-11。
   連結：
9. 陳怡蓁(2020)。數位典藏的工作流程優化管理－以博斯年圖書館數位化管理系統為例。國家圖書館館刊，109(1)，117-144。
   連結：
10. 陳雪華,洪淑苓,施佩宜,林慎孜(2014)。典藏臺灣說唱藝術：國立臺灣大學圖書館館藏歌仔冊數位典藏工作紀實。大學圖書館，18(2)，1-23。
    連結：
11. 黃旭(2020)。民主化的博物館：全國博物館論壇筆記。博物館學季刊，34(1)，5-8。
    連結：
12. 蔡順慈(2004)。博物館數位化發展的挑戰與機會：數位典藏、數位博物館、數位學習以及數位內容產業。科技博物，8(1)，21-42。
    連結：
13. Baekdal, T. (2006, June). The battle between usability and user-experience. Baekdal Plus. Retrieved from https://www.baekdal.com/trends/usabilty-vs-user-experience-battle
14. Bainbridge, W.(Ed.)(2004).Encyclopedia of human– computer interaction.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
15. Bangor, A.,Kortum, P.,Miller, J.(2009).Determining what individual SUS scores mean: Adding an adjective rating scale.Journal of Usability Studies,4(3),114-123.
16. Brooke, J.(1996).SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale.Usability Evaluation in Industry,189(194),4-7.
17. Catarci, T.,Marrella, A.,Santucci, G.,Sharf, M.,Vitaletti, A.,Di Lucchio, L.,Malakuczi, V.(2020).From consensus to innovation. Evolving towards crowd-based user-centered design.International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,36(15),1460-1475.
18. Dumas, J. S.,Redish, J.(1999).A practical guide to usability testing.UK:Intellect books.
19. Frøkjær, E.,Hertzum, M.,Hornbæk, K.(2000).Measuring usability: Are effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction really correlated?.Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
20. Gunther, R., Janis, J., & Butler, S. (2001). The UCD decision matrix: How, when, and where to sell user-centered design into the development cycle. Retrieved from https://www.ovostudios.com/upa2001/
21. Hassenzahl, M.,Tractinsky, N.(2006).User experience- A research agenda.Behaviour and Information Technology,25(2),91-97.
22. Jordan, P. W.(2002).Designing pleasurable products: An introduction to the new human factors.Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press.
23. Lallemand, C.,Gronier, G.,Koenig, V.(2015).User experience: A concept without consensus? Exploring practitioners’ perspectives through an international survey.Computers in Human Behavior,43,35-48.
24. Law, E.,Roto, V.,Hassenzahl, M.,Vermeeren, A.,Kort, J.(2009).Understanding, scoping and defining UX: A survey approach.Proceedings of the ACM conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI 2009),Boston, USA:
25. Lewis, J. R.(2014).Usability: Lessons learned… and yet to be learned.International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,30(9),663-684.
26. Marrella, A.,Mecella, M.,Russo, A.(2011).Collaboration on-the-field: Suggestions and beyond.8th international conference on information systems for crisis response and management (ISCRAM)
27. Nielsen, J.(1993).Usability engineering.Boston:Academic Press.
28. Norman, D. A.(2004).Emotional design: Why we love (or hate) everyday things.Civitas Books.
29. Norman, D.,Miller, J.,Henderson, A.(1995).What you see, some of what's in The future, and how we go about doing it: HI at Apple Computer.Conference companion on Human factors in computing systems
30. Preece, J.,Rogers, Y.,Sharp, H.(2002).Interaction design: Beyond human-computer interaction.New York:John Wiley & Sons, Inc..
31. Roto, V.,Law, E.,Vermeeren, A.,Hoonhout, J.(2011).User experience white paper: Bringing clarity to the concept of user experience.Dagstuhl Seminar on Demarcating User Experience,Finland:
32. Salah, D.,Paige, R. F.,Cairns, P.(2014).A systematic literature review for agile development processes and user centred design integration.Proceedings of the 18th international conference on evaluation and assessment in software engineering
33. Sanders, E. B. N.(2002).From user-centered to participatory design approaches.Design and the social sciences: Making connections
34. Sauro, J. (2011). Measuring usability with the system usability scale. Measuring U. https://measuringu.com/sus/
35. Schön, E. M.,Thomaschewski, J.,Escalona, M. J.(2017).Agile requirements engineering: A systematic literature review.Computer Standards & Interfaces,49,79-91.
36. Spiliotopoulos, T.,Oakley, I.(2011).An integrated approach towards the construction of an HCI methodological framework.Proceedings of the 1st European Workshop on HCI Design and Evaluation,Limassol, Cyprus:
37. Toyama, K.(2015).Geek heresy: Rescuing social change from the cult of technology.Public Affairs.
38. Vredenburg, K.,Mao, J. Y.,Smith, P. W.,Carey, T.(2002).A survey of user-centered design practice.Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems
39. 文化部（2017）。文化平權。查詢日期：2022 年 3 月 15 日，檢自 https://www.moc.gov.tw/content_413.html
40. 林莉純,陳昕彤(2019)。數位典藏網站之使用者經驗：以電信數位博物館網站改善與使用為例。2019 科普論壇
41. 邱澎生(2012).全方位數位博物館建置.臺北:
42. 城菁汝(2012)。博物館藏品資料庫資訊近用之分析：以臺灣與美英三國博物館為例。博物館與文化，4，69-112。
43. 陳建雄（譯）,Preece, J.,Rogers, Y.,Sharp, H.(2013).互動設計：跨越人—電腦互動.臺北:全華科技.