近世《大般若經》第二會．〈歡喜品第二〉解經方法之研究

Modern Studies on Interpretation Methods of On Joy of The Second Rally of Mahā-prajñāpāramitā Sūtra

10.29650/TCUJHSS.202108_(26).0007

黃敬涵(Jing-Han Huang)

大般若經 ； 歡喜品 ； 大般若波羅蜜多經敍 ； 現觀莊嚴論略釋 ； 大般若經知津 ； Mahā-prajñā Sūtra ； On Joy ； Narration of Mahā-prajñāpāramitā Sūtra ； Brief Explanation of Abhisamaya-alaṅkāra ； Mahā-prajñā Sūtra ZhiJing

慈濟大學人文社會科學學刊

26期（2021 / 08 / 01）

162 - 197

繁體中文

唐玄奘譯《大般若波羅蜜多經》略稱《大般若經》計十六會六百卷，其中第二會七十八卷，較第一會四百卷為簡。然而，至今僅第九會《金剛般若經》，成為流傳至今最廣泛、大眾信仰的代表經典。儼然，唐玄奘花了畢生心血，所譯之《大般若經》，似乎僅供學者研究，惋惜之至。遂引發本文擬以第二會為主，尋繹容易入手的解經方法，進一步窺知般若智慧。在閱讀、整理第二會相關資料期間，陸續獲取《大般若經知津》、〈《大般若波羅蜜多經》敍〉、《現觀莊嚴論略釋》。明藕益智旭編纂的《閱藏知津》，是部佛經目錄學著作，可謂為對佛經入門之導論，其中八卷《大般若經知津》提綱挈領，簡單扼要，極為契合現代之機。而清歐陽竟無為著名佛教居士，唯識宗代表人物，其所著《歐陽竟無佛學文選》中三卷的〈《大般若波羅蜜多經》敍〉，在詮釋第二會，該敍以極簡短的文字，描述每一品的重點，言簡意賅，字字精闢深奧。另《現觀莊嚴論》為彌勒菩薩為去除一般人研習《大般若經》的困難而釋，其雖未入北傳的藏經內，然在印、藏皆受重視，而使近代學者註述不絕，如清法尊法師譯釋的四卷《現觀莊嚴論略釋》。緣此，本文擬分別以近世漢、藏兩地、不同宗教思想的上述三篇為中心，聚焦〈歡喜品〉討論，並從字數、架構、解經方法三方面進行比較，領會《大般若經》的義涵，以符合現代社會人們，喜以重點性掌握經文，並使其解經方法成為研讀該經的善巧方便，而促使其日益普及化。

Mahā-prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, Mahā-prajñā Sūtra in short, contains sixteen assemblies, six hundred volumes, whose Second Assembly, Middle Class, are composed of 78 volumes, not so much as The First Assembly. However, only vájra-cchedikā-prajñā-pāramitā-sūtra, The Ninth Assembly, has been passing on as one of the most popular Buddhist scriptures nowadays. It seems that what took Monk Xuanzang(玄奘) his lifetime efforts is now only for academic uses, which is a huge pity. Accordingly, this article is meant to aim The Second Assembly, unveil more and further prajñā by combing simple interpretations of scriptures in modern works. While collecting, surveying and studying related materials, I was enlightened by three Buddhist works in modern times. First, in YueTsangZhiJing , a catalogue of scriptures and introductory reading, edited by Quyi Zhixu of Ming Dynasty, 8 volumes of Mahā-prajñā Sūtra ZhiJing corresponds to modern people's fast-paced minds with its simplified, organized summaries. And in ＂Buddhist Analects of Ouyang Jingwu＂ by Ouyang Jingwu, a renowned lay Buddhist in Qing Dynasty and exponent of Yogacara, three volumes of Narration of Mahā-prajñāpāramitā Sūtra are engaged in explicating The Second Assembly briefly, explicitly and accurately. Last, Abhisamaya-alaṅkāra by Maitreya is oriented to assist people in studying Mahā-prajñā Sūtra. Though not incorporated in Northern Buddhist Tripitaka, this work is placed much value in both India and Tibet. Modern Buddhist scholars didn't stop annotating it, such as the Venerable Fatsun of Qing Dynasty, who wrote Brief Explanation of Abhisamaya-alaṅkāra. Thus, this article will target ＂On Joy＂ of The Second Assembly of Mahā-prajñā Sūtra, and compares the number of words, frameworks, methods of interpretation in the three modern Buddhist works mentioned above, not merely to figure out the essence of Mahā-prajñā Sūtra but to cater to the general public, who like to grasp meaning in outline. Serving as good and convenient tools, those interpretation methods will hopefully popularize Mahā-prajñā Sūtra gradually.

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