题名

量化評鑒之下的學業/學術實踐:對傳播領域研究所教育中獎懲機制的探索式觀察

并列篇名

Academic Practice under the Quantitative Evaluation System

DOI

10.6195/cjcr.2008.13.06

作者

李紅濤(Hong-Tao Li)

关键词

數量化學術評鑒 ; 學術發表 ; 獎懲機制 ; 契合關係 ; 傳播學術教育 ; quantitative evaluation ; scholarly publication ; reward and punishment system ; conformity ; academic education in communication

期刊名称

中華傳播學刊

卷期/出版年月

13期(2008 / 06 / 01)

页次

181 - 219

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文借助深訪資料,在數量化的獎懲機制與單位型的學術發表這兩種結構環境之下,檢視中國大陸新聞傳播領域研究生的學業/學術實踐。本文認為,研究所中的獎懲機制,形同數量化的評鑒機制,將「尋求發表」設置成研究生學業實踐的軸心,並驅使他們進入學術生產管道。而這種「契合」關係,也醞釀出種種「尋租」行為。從傳播學術教育角度視之,這種學業實踐路徑過分強調「尋求發表」,反而排擠了「學術訓練」在學術教育中的應然位置。

英文摘要

Based on the in-depth interview data, this paper examines how graduate students in China study and do research, subject to the constraints of the current evaluation system, which is dominated by quantitative criteria. This paper found that the reward system in graduate school hinges on the quantitative evaluation of publication. The graduate life thus focuses upon seeking publications. This kind of interaction among students, quantitative evaluation, and scholarly publication system has resulted in a variety of rent-seeking activities. By placing undue emphasis on ”seeking publication”, this system also marginalizes the importance of academic training.

主题分类 社會科學 > 傳播學
参考文献
  1. 陳光興、錢永祥、反思會議工作小組編(2005)。全球化與知識生產:反思台灣學術評鑒。台北:唐山。
    連結:
  2. Altbach, P. G.(1987).The knowledge context: Comparative perspectives on the distribution of knowledge.Albany:State University of New York Press.
  3. Becher, T.,Trowler, P. R.(2001).Academic tribes and territories: Intellectual enquiry and the culture of disciplines.Philadelphia:The Society of Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.
  4. Becker, H. S.,Geer, B.,Hughes, E. C.(1968).Making the grade: The academic side of college life.New York:John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
  5. Beyer, J. M.(1978).Editorial policies and practices among leading journals in four scientific fields.The Sociological Quarterly,19(1),68-88.
  6. Beyer, J. M.,Chanove, R. G.,Fox, W. B.(1995).Review process and the fates of manuscripts submitted to AMJ.Academy of Management Journal,38(5),1219-1260.
  7. Boots, B.(1996).Referees as gatekeepers: Some evidence from geographical journals.Area,28(2),177-185.
  8. Bornstein, R. F.(1990).Publication politics, experimenter bias and replication process in social science research.Journal of Social Behavior and Personality,5,71-81.
  9. Braun, T.,Diospatonyi, I.(2005).The journal gatekeepers of major publishing houses of core science journals.Scientometrics,64(2),113-120.
  10. Braun, T.,H. F. W. Moed,W. Glänzel,V. Smoch (Eds.)(2004).Handbook of quantitative science and technology research.Berlin:Kluwer-Springer.
  11. Campanario, J. M.(1998).Peer review for journals as it stands today – Part 1.Science Communication,19(3),181-211.
  12. Caplow, T.,McGee, R. J.(2001).The academic marketplace.New Brunswick:Transaction.
  13. Chubin, D. E.,Hackett, E. J.(1990).Peerless science: Peer review and U.S. science policy.Albany, N.Y:State University of New York Press.
  14. Crane, D.(1972).Invisible colleges: Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  15. Crane, D.(1967).The gatekeepers of science: Some factors affecting the selection of articles from scientific journal.The American Sociologists,2(4),195-201.
  16. Dinauer, L. D.,Ondeck, K. E.(1999).Gender and institutional affiliation as determinants of publishing in Human Communication Research.Human Communication Research,25(4),548-569.
  17. Glogoff, S.(1988).Reviewing the gatekeepers: A survey of referees of library journals.Journal of the American Society for Information Science,39(6),400-407.
  18. Greenwald, A. G.(1975).Consequences of prejudice against the null hypothesis.Psychological Bulletin,82,1-20.
  19. Gumport, P. J.(2002).Academic pathfinders: Knowledge creation and feminist scholarship.Westport:Greenwood Press.
  20. Hagstrom, W. O.(1975).The scientific community.Carbondale:Southern Illinois University Press.
  21. Hamermesh, D. S.(1994).Facts and myths about refereeing.Journal of Economic Perspectives,8(1),153-163.
  22. Hargens, L. L.(1988).Scholarly consensus and journal rejection rates.American Sociological Review,53(1),139-151.
  23. Haskell, T. L.(2000).The emergence of professional social science: The American Social Sciences Association and the nineteenth-century crisis of authority.Baltimore:The John Hopkins University Press.
  24. Hodgson, G. M.,Rothman, H.(1999).The editors and authors of economics journals: A case of institutional oligopoly?.Economic Journal,109(453),165-186.
  25. Kerr, S.,Tolliver, J.,Petree, D.(1977).Manuscript characteristics which influence acceptance for management and social-science journals.Academy of Management Journal,20(1),132-141.
  26. Light, D.(1974).Introduction: The structure of the academic professions.Sociology of Education,47(1),2-28.
  27. Lindsey, D.(1978).The scientific publication system in social science: A study of the operation of leading professional journals in psychology, sociology, and social work.SF:Jossey-Bass.
  28. Long, J. S.,McGinnis, R.(1981).Organizational context and scientific productivity.American Sociological Review,46(4),422-442.
  29. Merton, R. K.(1973).The sociology of science.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
  30. Merton, R. K.(1968).Social theory and social structure.New York:Free Press.
  31. Newcombe, R. G.(1987).Towards a reduction in publication bias.British Medical Journal,295,656-659.
  32. Nisonger, T. E.(2002).The relationship between international editorial board composition and citation measures in political science, business, and genetics journals.Scientometrics,54(2),257-268.
  33. Peters, D. P.,Ceci, S. J.(1982).Peer-review practices of psychological journals: The fate of accepted, published articles, submitted again.Behavioral and Brain Sciences,5(2),187-195.
  34. Pfeffer, J.,Leong, A.,Strehl, K.(1977).Paradigm development and particularism: Journal publication in three scientific disciplines.Social Forces,55(4),938-951.
  35. Shamblin, D. H.(1970).Prestige and sociology establishment.American Sociologist,5(2),154-156.
  36. Smith, R.(2006).Peer review: A flawed process at the heart of science and journals.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine,99(4),178-182.
  37. Strauss, A.,Corbin, J.(1998).Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory.Thousand Oaks:Sage Publications.
  38. Whitley, R.(2000).The intellectual and social organization of the sciences.New York:Oxford University Press.
  39. Yoels, W. C.(1974).The structure of scientific fields and the allocation of editorships on scientific journals: Some observations on the politics of knowledge.Sociological Quarterly,15,264-276.
  40. Zsindely, S.,Schubert, A.(1989).Editors-in-chief of medical journals: Are they experts, authorities, both, or neither.Communication Research,16(5),695-700.
  41. Zuckerman, H.,Merton, R. K.(1971).Patterns of evaluation in science: Institutionalisation, structure and functions of the referee system.Minerva,9,66-100.
  42. 中國新聞年鑒社(2005)。中國新聞專業期刊專輯。中國新聞年鑒2004。
  43. 反思會議工作小組(2005)。全球化與知識生產:反思台灣學術評鑒。台北:唐山。
  44. 王彬彬(2003)。還要荒謬多久。南方週末。
  45. 王焱、鄧正來編(2005)。中國書評。桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。
  46. 王壽臣(2006)。中國學術論文交易調查:部分核心期刊明碼標價。法制早報。
  47. 代小琳(2006)。人大、北師大等7 所大學取消一項硬指標 研究生不發表論文也能畢業。北京晨報。
  48. 任劍濤、鄧正來編(2006)。中國書評。桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。
  49. 江曉原(2007)。學術界舉刀自戕:核心期刊在中國的異化。社會觀察,2,12-14。
  50. 李良榮(2003)。期待創新:審視新聞傳播學學術期刊。新聞記者,3,12。
  51. 李路路、李漢林(2000)。中國的單位組織:資源、權力與交換。杭州:浙江人民出版社。
  52. 李漢林(2004)。中國單位社會:議論、思考與研究。上海:上海人民出版社。
  53. 李漢林、李路路(1999)。資源與交換:中國單位組織中的依賴性結構。社會學研究,4,44-63。
  54. 杜駿飛(2007)。中國大陸新聞傳播學期刊學術水平與排名分析:基於CSSCI 的次級研究。中國傳媒報告,1,104-124。
  55. 狄多華、馬俊剛(2007)。做論文代理已形成產業鏈 一大三學生靠代發論文為生。中國青年報。
  56. 胡春陽(2008)。直擊中國傳播學博士教育困境。今傳媒,1,75-76。
  57. 郝俊慧(2005)。「錢稿交易」的背後:新聞傳播學科專業期刊境況探究。新聞記者,2,19-22。
  58. 馬忠文(2007)。一刊兩制:綜合性人文社會科學學術期刊文獻引證體例的最佳選擇。清華大學學報(哲學社會科學版),5,127-131。
  59. 張瑩、申凡(2004)。從《現代傳播》(1994 -2003 年)管窺我國十年來的傳播學研究。現代傳播,5,48-51。
  60. 張曉鋒、馬匯瑩(2007)。新聞傳播學研究生教育現狀與挑戰:「中國社會與中國新聞傳播教育」高層圓桌會議綜述。新聞記者,1,62-64。
  61. 許紀霖(2005)。學術期刊的單位化、行政化和非專業化。新華文摘,4,127-128。
  62. 許紀霖、鄧正來編(2005)。中國書評。桂林:廣西師範大學出版社。
  63. 賀衛方(2004)。學術期刊的空間與方向。雲夢學刊,25(4),14-15。
  64. 黃厚銘、反思會議工作小組編(2005)。全球化與知識生產:反思台灣學術評鑒。台北:唐山。
  65. 楊玉聖(2006)。學術期刊與學術規範。清華大學學報(哲學社會科學版),21(2),43-49。
  66. 葉繼元(2005)。學術期刊與學術規範。學術界,4,57-68。
  67. 鄧正來(2004)。對知識分子「契合」關係的反思與批判:關於中國社會科學自主性的再思考。天津社會科學,6,4-11。
  68. 鄧正來(2005)。中國學術刊物的發展與學術為本。吉林大學社會科學學報,45(4),7-14。
  69. 鄧正來(2004)。研究與反思:關於中國社會科學自主性的思考。北京:中國政法大學出版社。
  70. 錢榮貴(2006)。核心期刊與期刊評價。北京:中國傳媒大學出版社。
  71. 蘇力(2004)。也許正在發生:轉型中國的法學。北京:法律出版社。
被引用次数
  1. 王毓莉(2009)。初探中國大陸新聞傳播研究的回顧與展望。傳播與管理研究,8(2),37-78。
  2. (2013)。中國傳播期刊知識生產的依附性:意識形態、機構利益與社會關係的制約。傳播與社會學刊,23,81-112。