新聞自由對貪污的影響：全球資料的實證研究

The Impact of Press Freedom on Corruption: International Evidence

10.6195/cjcr.2009.16.07

李建強(Chien-Chiang Lee)；周宜巍(Yei-Wei Chou)

貪污 ； 新聞自由 ； 追蹤資料 ； corruption ； press freedom ； panel data

中華傳播學刊

16期（2009 / 12 / 01）

131 - 174

繁體中文

本文採用1997年至2006年10年共75國的追蹤資料來檢測新聞自由與貪污之間的關係。以新聞自由作為影響貪污的主要變數，以通貨膨脹率、GDP成長率、政府支出佔GDP比率、進出口佔GDP比率、及初級教育毛入學率等做為影響貪污的其他解釋變數，檢測新聞自由是否會抑制貪污？本文主要的貢獻在於：加入政治自由、經濟自由、司法獨立及政府治理等影響因素，據以分析新聞自由對於貪污的抑制程度是否會改變？本研究實證結果顯示：新聞自由對於貪污具有顯著的抑制效果，但抑制效果會因政治、經濟、社會、區域和所得水準等因素而有所差異。最後，我們也討論跨國資料所產生的離散值及更改資料使用頻率，來支持實證結果的穩健性。

The paper investigates the relationship between aggregate press freedom and corruption in a panel data framework for 75 countries over the period 1997 to 2006. What we find is an interesting evidence that restrictions to press freedom lead to higher corruption. We examine whether or not these impacts are a product of various political, economic, and regional factors. In all cases, the evidence indicates that conditions play important roles in determining the impact of press freedom on corruption. To sum up, this study seeks to determine why countries with the same level of press freedom very different levels of corruption.

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