「景語」的作用－以杜甫〈秦州雜詩〉中與「邊塞」有關之詩篇爲例

On the Function of Pure Description of Scenery in Classic Chinese Poetry: Concentrated on Tufu's Poems Written in Ching-chou Related to "Frontier and Fortress"

10.6999/DHJCS.200912.0061

黃奕珍(Yi-Jen Huang)

杜甫 ； 秦州詩 ； 邊塞詩 ； 景語 ； 情語 ； Tufu ； poems written in Ching-chou ； Poetry of frontier and fortress ； the pure description of scenery ； the expression of emotions

東華漢學

10期（2009 / 12 / 01）

61 - 76

繁體中文

王昌齡的《詩格》已提及「景語」的作用，方回亦有相關的論述。本文借用一些簡明的概念，以〈秦州雜詩〉為範圍篩選出可稱為「景語」的詩句，實際闡發「景語」如何形成、織就個別詩篇意義網絡的過程，並據以檢視前人提出的某些心得與律則。研究結果顯示「景語」至少具備了增加意義的層次、豐富寫作的筆法、呈現主旨富於變化、加強現實感以重構文學傳統幾種作用。總而言之，王昌齡的看法持平，可作為處理之通則，但細密度不足。方回則偏於刻板與簡略，不能盡括杜甫運用「景語」的藝術性。

The function of pure description of scenery in classic Chinese poetry is a quite important issue. But how it really functions in the structure of poems remains a mystery. This paper tries to depict the process by using Tufu's poems written in Ching-chou related to frontier and fortress as examples. Through the analysis we also find out that the pure description of scenery can enrich the poem's content, vary the writing skills and rebuild the literary settings & traditions.