英文摘要
|
There are five phrases of Tso Chuan will be discussed with new explanations in this article. The first one is to compare "Chun Hsiao" (wholehearted piety) which was written in 722 BC with "Chun Chen" (wholehearted minister) which was written in 719 BC. Both words interpret "Chun" as an adjective "wholehearted", therefore, the meaning of "Chun Hsiao" is filial piety wholeheartedly, and "Chun Chen" can be clearly explain to be a law-abiding minister wholeheartedly. The second one is to discuss "liǎng", "zú", "piān" these three words in two different sentences "guǎng yǒuyī zú, zú piān zhī liǎng" (The Chu's own chariots are divided into two bodies of 15 each.) which was written in 597 BC and "yǐ liǎng zhī yī zú shì wú, shě piān liǎng zhī yī yān" (Wuchen went to Wu with thirty chariots, and he left fifteen of them.) which was written in 584 BC. In both sentences, the meaning of "liǎng" is a chariot, "zú" is the measure word of vehicles, "piān" is an half. The third one is to discuss "shēn jǐng", "shēn gōng", "shēn shǒu" and "shēn gù" these four phrases in three different sentences. These four "shēn" can be explained as a verb "rectify", "restraint" or "strengthen". The fourth one is to discuss "zhāng" and "fú" in the sentence "dōu bǐ yǒu zhāng, shàng xià yǒu fú" (Zichan made the central cities and border lands of the State be exactly defined, and enjoined on the high and inferior officers to wear only their distinctive robes.) which was written in 543 BC. The meaning of "zhāng" and "fú" is a kind of clothes but different colors. Furthermore, in the sentence "qǔ wǒ yī guān ér chǔ zhī" (We must take our robes and caps, and hide them all away.) the meaning of "chǔ" is a kind of bag which we can put clothing inside. In the sentence "wǒ yǒu zǐdì, zǐ chǎn huì zhī" (Tis Tsze-ch'an who our children trains.) which was written 498 BC the meaning of "huì" is to follow the rules of etiquette. The fifth one is to discuss "duò sān dōu" (to dismantle walls of three chief cities to a certain height so that they cannot defense against enemies easily). The meaning of "duò" is as a verb "dismantle" or "tear down".
|