英文摘要
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A new school of Chunqiu theory was developed until mid-Tang Dynasty by Dan-Zhu, Zhao-Kuang, and Lu-Chun. The major thinking of this school came from Dan-Zhu, revised by Zhao-Kuang, and then formed a comprehensive section by Lu-Chun. Although the viewpoints of Zhao-Kuang and Dan-Zhu looked similar, there were differences between them. Besides, the explanation of Lu-Chun mostly followed that of Dan-Zhu.
The differences between the thinking of Dan-Zhu and Zhao-Kuang can be seen in two aspects, the meaning of Jing and the points of view of Zhuan. Dan-Zhu stated
that the purpose of writing Chunqiu by Confucius was rescuing the age and reforming the custom. However, Zhao-Kuang gave a different point of view. He opposed reestablishment of the concepts of policy and education in Xia Dynasty. On the other hand, he complimented the existence of Zhou Courtesy.
As for the Zhuan, in order to represent the essential of Jing, the approach of explaining Jing by Dan-Zhu was to comprehend three Zhuan, widely introduce all notes, and then make a decision by himself. Based on the explanation of Dan-Zhu, Zhao-Kuang added more extensions and reinforce the rules of Zhang writing. In addition, Zhao-Kuang believed the evolution of three Zhuan could not be retroactive. Thus, he thought Zuozhuan was neither done by Qiu-Ming, nor educated by Confucius.
The comments of Zhao-Kuang proposed his reviews and statements for Dan-Zhu's theory. Through this process, we could understand the development of this school and further to get insight into the study of Chunqiu theory.
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