英文摘要
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In the course of Chia-ch'ing and Tao-kuang, the dominion decayed rapidly. Economic and social problems tufted around the regions. Consciously, academicism converted, from slipping the Study of Han Dynasty's inextricable textual research and Sung's idealistic philosophy toward statecraft practice. Wei Yuan, striding across the span of opium war divide in his whole life, he contemporarily stood on the turn point through China traditional ancient society to recent age, also became one of the important representatives of the statecraft sect. He surely unsealed the climate of acquainting the world.
This thesis is trying to discuss with the background and content of Wei Yuan's theory of statecraft, basing on the different ways that forming his own statecraft thought, such as his personal characteristics like his birth﹑thought; the style of study as well as politic discipline; also in the aspects of the business that he used to be involved, the affairs of transportinggrain by water﹑selling salt﹑water management and conservancy; currency﹑finance﹑and external trade; immigrant and coast defenses etc. , so that we can figure out what makes his achievement concerning his appeal and career of statecraft before the opium war as well as how to develop the spirit of statecraft to the highlight after the war bursting out that he had to face on the unprecedented changes, while he approached simultaneously. As a result, he alleged an epochal opinion-”learning the skill of invaders and take over them by it” in response to that changes, further unlock the great direction of China modernizing, reforming the decayed situation.
With the reference of this thesis, we are not only able to get the picture of Wei Yuan's theory of statecraft more clearly than before, but also can strongly reversed the inaccurate notion of part of the foreign and local scholars had, that the motive of the Self-strengthening Movement in late Ch'ing China was simply reflected by the impact of external force, for example, the saying of ”Western impaction” claimed by several professors such as Ssu-yu Teng and John K. Fairbank, was popular for a while. This thesis farther approve that the China's traditional theory of statecraft is one of the motives of the Self-strengthening Movement emerging in late Ch'ing China as well.
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