Internal Modifications in Apology Realization: A Need for a Multi-leveled Categorization

言談行為研究中多層分析之必要性─以道歉語行之內部修飾語為例

林玉惠(Yuh-Huey Lin)；何博欽(Po-Chin Ho)

言談行為 ； 內在修飾語 ； 道歉語行 ； speech act ； internal modification ； apology

興大人文學報

50期（2013 / 03 / 01）

63 - 112

英文

本文點出傳統道歉語行之修飾語的分類方式之潛在問題，並進而提出功能性的修飾語分類方式。本研究所蒐集之8049筆漢語、英語、以及以漢語為母語之英語學習者的言談情境填充問卷語料分析之結果顯示，許多跨文化差異及中介語之現象，必須經由本文所提出的功能性之分類方式方能有效的顯現。例如，兩種母語使用者於道歉時皆使用較多的增強語句特徵，但是比起中文使用者，英語母語使用者運用更多增強功能的語句特徵。相反的，以中文為母語的使用者比英語母語使用者運用較多規避的語意特徵。另一方面，中介語言的修飾模式則反映了英語學習者的態度受到了本國文化思想的影響而比較類似中文。但是因為語言能力的關係，修飾模式中語句特徵的運用不僅不及英語母語使用者，甚至也低於他們在使用中文時的表現。這些顯著的差異，皆無法透過傳統的分析方式得知。本文於文末指出，雖然實驗證明語句特徵必須經由功能性的分類才具備可以反應修飾模式的能力，但是要確實表現語言行為語氣的強度，不僅需要討論內在修飾模式，外在修飾模式也必須一併被包括。因此，研究完整的修飾模式應是未來值得努力的方向。

This study points out some potential problems in the traditional treatments of the internal modifications in apology realization and proposes a coding system that adheres to the functional vs. formal distinction in the analysis of modality markers. A total of 8049 expressions of apology collected from 180 (60 NS Chinese, 60 NS English and 60 Chinese EFL) sets of Discourse Completion Task (DCT) questionnaire were adopted to test the validity of the proposed coding system. Results show that many important insights and cross-cultural and interlanguage patterns can be revealed only when the forms and functions of modifications are distinguished.

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