運用雲端運算SOA服務平台架構建置碳足跡運算系統

Integrated Cloud Computing and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) to Develop Carbon Footprint System

項衛中(Wei-Jung Shiang)；彭定國(Ting-Kuo Peng)

碳足跡 ； 服務導向架構 ； 雲端運算 ； Carbon footprint ； Cloud computing ； Service-oriented architecture

明新學報

41卷2期（2015 / 08 / 01）

95 - 114

繁體中文

近年來，由於溫室效應的結果導致全球氣候變遷，並嚴重影響到人類生存問題，全球暖化已成為世界關注的焦點之一，為了滿足客戶在環境品質的要求，供應鏈的設計必須考量到整體產品生命週期，才能計算出供應鏈中產品由原料至零售商所產生的碳排放量。為因應產品生命週期的多變性以及客戶對環境保護的訴求，因此，本研究提出依服務導向架構（SOA）來建構碳足跡運算系統，首先依據服務導向架構的服務確認步驟，分析碳足跡運算系統所需的服務，並依此設計符合國際規範的碳足跡運算系統，可應用於業界以具體評估及分析產品碳資訊。這些服務具有彈性以因應環境變化，增強企業快速反應的能力。在系統的實作上，以Google推出的Google App Engine（GAE）平台作為開發與佈署的工具，在雲端運算環境中實現碳足跡運算系統的運作。透過雲端運算環境的高服務可用性、高彈性與擴充性，讓供應鏈夥伴可以透過不同的裝置整合異質環境中的碳足跡資料，依此訂定降低碳排放量的方案，以達成節能減碳的目標。

Recently, greenhouse effect has made the global climate change and seriously threat to human survival; therefore, global warming and ＂Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction＂ have become global major issues. Many countries have promoted activities to reduce greenhouse gases. This research first identified the services of the carbon footprint information system by utilizing the concept of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), and designed the system to meet the international requirements. This system could analyze and assess carbon information of products for the supply chain companies. The services with flexibility in the system could cope with environment changes such that enterprise reinforces the ability of rapid response. Google App Engine (GAE) was used in this research as the development and deployment platform. A carbon footprinting system was developed in the Google cloud computing environment; therefore supply chain partners could use various services and share information with each other. With the availability, flexibility, and scalability of the system, it helps supply chain partners shorten data processing time, thereby enhancing the profitability of the company to stay the company's competitive advantage.

1. Mertz, M., & Gryning, M. (2009). Cloud computing and SOA. (www.mortengryning.dk/Work/coa.pdf)
2. Google Developers. (2012). Retrieved June 27, 2012, from https://developers.google.com/cloud-sql/
3. 行政院環境保護署（ 2012 ）。台灣產品碳足跡資訊網。取自2012 年4 月20 日，http://cfp.epa.gov.tw/carbon/defaultPage.aspx。
4. Google APP Engine Google APP Engine. (2012). Retrieved March 23, 2012, from https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/whatisgoogleappengine?hl=zh-TW
5. 中岡科技有限公司（2009）。SimaPro7生命週期評估軟體。
6. 行政院環境保護署（2015）。城市層級溫室氣體碳揭露服務平台。取自2015 年5 月20 日，http://cityinventory.epa.gov.tw/Qa/qa_searchmain.aspx?id=1。
7. Arsanjani, A., Zhang, L. J., Ellis, M., Allam, A., & Channabasavaiah, K. (2007). Design an SOA solution using a reference architecture. IBM developerWorks, 1-15.
8. Buyya, R.,Yeo, C. S.,Venugopal, S.,Broberg, J.,Brandic, I.(2009).Cloud computing and emerging IT platforms: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility.Future Generation Computer Systems,25(6),599-616.
9. Carbon Trust,Defra,BSI(2008).Guide to PAS 2050- How to assess the carbon footprint of goods and services.UK:BSI.
10. Carter, S.(2007).The new language of business SOA & Web 2.0.NJ:IBM Press/Pearson.
11. Erl, T.(2005).Service-oriented architecture: Concepts, technology, and design.Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice Hall Professional Technical Reference.
12. Foster, I.,Zhao, Y.,Raicu, I.,Lu, S.(2008).Cloud computing and grid computing 360-degree compared.Grid Computing Environments Workshop (GCE'08)
13. Lee, K. H.(2011).Integrating carbon footprint into supply chain management: The case of Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) in the automobile industry.Journal of Cleaner Production,19(11),1216-1223.
14. Liu, X.,Yuan, D.,Zhang, G.,Cao, D.,Li, W.,Chen, J.(2012).The design of cloud workflow systems.NY:Springer.
15. Mell, P.,Grance, T.(2011).The NIST definition of cloud computing.National Institute of Standards and Technology=NIST.
16. Wiedmann, T.,Minx, J.(2007).ISAUK Research ReportISAUK Research Report,未出版
17. 朱啟榮(2010)。中國出口貿易中的CO2排放問題研究。中國工業經濟，262(1)，55-64。
18. 陳世興(2012)。輕鬆搞定Google雲端技術：Maps.Android.App Engine.Cloud SQL與電子商務API實例解析。新北市:全華。
19. 湯秉翰(2012)。雲端網頁程式設計：Google App Engine應用實作。台北市:博碩。
20. 寧學敏(2010)。我國商品出口與碳排量關系的實證分析。統計與決策，303(3)，111-113。
21. 齊曄(2008)。中國進出口貿易中的隱含碳估算。中國人口、資源與環境，3，8-13。