氣候變遷調適財務援助機制研析

Analysis of Climate Change Adaptation Financial Support Mechanism

羅時芳(Shih-Fang Lo)；吳周燕(Chou-Yen Wu)

氣候變遷調適 ； 保險工具 ； 資本市場 ； climate change adaptation ； insurance tools ； capital market

農業與資源經濟

8卷2期（2014 / 12 / 01）

57 - 70

繁體中文

由於全球暖化導致氣候異常，巨大天然災害帶來龐大災後重建工作及預防天災之各項公共建設支出，可預期未來將造成各國政府沈重之財政負擔。不同於氣候減緩（mitigation）工作，氣候調適（adaptation）的主要目的為建立氣候風險管理體系，除檢討現行天災之救濟與保險制度外，各國目前更積極籌畫以健全的氣候金融保險市場功能，搭配現行的政府財政救濟制度，以調適氣候變遷對民眾生命財產之危害。本研究之主要目的即為探討各類型之財務援助機制，以降低政府臨時災難救助龐大支出導致財政惡化的問題。目前國際上正在進行有關氣候變遷調適財務支援若干案例可發現，工業國家多採用政府舉債結合保險連結型商品或PPP模式來降低財政負擔。另一方面，開發中國家或低度開發國家由於經濟規模較小，不少需由世界銀行等國際組織作為中介機構，提供基金或技術輔導當地政府推行。

With the threat of global warming, it is expected that heavy financial burden on governments is increasing caused by reconstruction of huge enormous natural disaster and prevention of public construction spending. Unlike the climate mitigation activities, the main purpose of climate adaptation is to establish climate risk management system. In addition to review of the existing disaster relief and insurance system, the international governments are more active planning to improve the climate financial/insurance markets function, with combination of the current government fiscal relief system in order to adapt to climate change on public life and property damage. The main purpose of this study is to introduce various types of financial support mechanisms to reduce government spending led to disaster-related financial deterioration.