题名

以醫療社福專家觀點初探智能障礙者理想醫療照護模式

并列篇名

The Normative Perspective towards Healthcare Service Development for People with Intellectual Disabilities

DOI

10.30072/JDR.200310.0004

作者

林金定(Jin-Ding Lin);嚴嘉楓(Chia-Feng Yen);李志偉(Chi-Wei Li);吳佳玲(Jia-Ling Wu);陳美花(Mei-Hua Cheng)

关键词

智能障礙者 ; 專家面向 ; 質性訪談 ; 醫療照護模式 ; health care development ; intellectual disability ; normative perspective ; qualitative interview

期刊名称

身心障礙研究季刊

卷期/出版年月

1卷2期(2003 / 10 / 01)

页次

32 - 42

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

目標:健康是基本的人權,每個國家應該設法保障其國民的基本的健康需求,不論其膚色、種族、階級與身心障礙與否。智能障礙者往往需要比常人需要更多的醫療照護、社會福利、教育、職訓及保護等服務,而適當的健康照護服務是保障及維持智能障礙者生活品質的重要關鍵。智能障礙者的醫療需求問題在整個醫療照護體系中往往被忽略,以致於此群體的健康問題在健康照護體系中僅獲得非常有限的注意;本研究主要目的乃以醫療與智能障礙專家的觀點,探討智能障礙者利用醫療照護之困境與未來智能障礙者合適的醫療照護模式。方法:以立意取樣選取9名在智能障礙領域專家進行質性深度訪談,探討專家們對於智能障礙者相關醫療照護制度之態度與信念,主要之評估面向包括智能障礙者對於目前的醫療保健制度/全民健保利用之困難何在,以及理想的智能障礙者醫療照護模式為何?結果:研究結果發現,專家們普遍認為全民健保對智能障礙者而言提供良好的醫療照顧,但是就醫掛號費及自付額方面造成他們經濟負擔過重,醫療與福利資訊不足,以及健保復健給付設計不當,常造成復健利用沒有效率。至於理想的醫療照護體系方面,智障者就醫掛號費免費或部分負擔減免措施,克服醫療人員與智能障礙者之間的溝通障礙,改善醫療人員對智能障礙者之負面態度,復健人力的培育與規劃健全復健制度,以及醫療福利政策完整配套系統規劃是當務之急。結論:完善的公共衛生計劃必須涵蓋社會中每一份子,傳統上身心障礙群體常為國家衛生政策所忽略,為了確保智能障礙者與一般的國民享有同等的醫療照護,醫療照護服務體系應該戮力於解決其醫療障礙,致力於設計適合他們的醫療照護模式,以提昇其醫療照護品質。

英文摘要

Objectives: Health is fundamental human right, and must be protected. In Taiwan, current health policies neglect the health needs of people with intellectual disability (ID) and they have received limited attention in healthcare system. The purpose of this study is to identify the healthcare barriers and ideal healthcare policies for people with ID based on the normative perspective. Methods: In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted for 9 key informants in the study. The interview questions were open-ended and interviewing guide was designed to encourage participants to share their experiences of working with and caring for people with ID. The interview questions covered two themes as follow: What are the problems regarding the current healthcare system and National Health Insurance (NHI) Plan for people with ID? And what are the ideal healthcare policies for people with ID and why? Results: The research findings showed NHI supported the basic healthcare needs for people with ID, but it still have many problems need to be improved. The healthcare system should be reoriented to increase health care accessibility, responsibility and equality for people with I.D. Conclusions, In order to create an appropriate healthcare policy for people with ID, the healthcare system should be improved. This is particularly important in the areas of decreasing the barriers of healthcare services and revising NHI payment system and subsidy policies.

主题分类 醫藥衛生 > 內科
社會科學 > 心理學
社會科學 > 教育學
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被引用次数
  1. 陳奎安,陳妮葦,徐尚為,林藍萍,林金定(2020)。身心障礙福利機構照顧者對智能障礙者健康老化識能之研究。身心障礙研究季刊,18(3&4),175-192。
  2. 陳湘嵐、林博軒、林金定(2017)。智能障礙者身體平衡能力影響因素之研究。身心障礙研究,15(2),94-105。
  3. 徐尚為,姚仲徽,林藍萍,林金定(2020)。FRAX骨折風險工具評估成年智能障礙者未來十年骨折風險與相關因素。身心障礙研究季刊,18(2),122-139。
  4. 嚴嘉楓、蔡艷清、歐家能、林金定、李志偉、吳佳玲(2004)。台灣社區之主要照顧者對智能障礙者醫療福利之認知與利用初探。身心障礙研究,2(3),176-184。
  5. 嚴嘉楓、羅慶徽、林金定、李宗楠、李志偉(2005)。台灣地區智能障礙者的醫療利用特性與影響因素:以2001年門診利用分析。身心障礙研究,3(1),5-17。
  6. 嚴嘉楓、周瑩婷(2006)。家庭醫師提供智能障礙者健康照護服務文獻評析。身心障礙研究,4(3/4),162-171。
  7. 姚仲徽、林藍萍、林金定(2015)。智能障礙者生活型態與骨質疏鬆症相關性分析。身心障礙研究,13(3),197-207。
  8. 張剛準、徐尚為、江博煌(2010)。台灣地區學齡前智能障礙者門診利用情形初探。身心障礙研究,8(4),214-226。
  9. 鄭雅之、張恒豪、林昭吟(2018)。當「不標準的病人」遇到醫療專業體制:身心障礙者就醫經驗的質化分析。臺大社會工作學刊,38,99-145。
  10. 周玉嵐(2017)。從個案狀況認識蠶豆症及其後續照護事項。身心障礙研究,15(1),40-49。