族群與臺灣老年人之日常生活障礙與功能限制

Ethnicity and Disability and Functional Limitations among the Elderly in Taiwan

10.30072/JDR.200407.0003

董和銳(Ho-Jui Tung)

台灣 ； 族群 ； 省籍 ； 日常功能障礙 ； 健康不平等 ； Taiwan ； Ethnicity ； Disability ； Functional Limitations ； Health Disparity

身心障礙研究季刊

2卷3期（2004 / 07 / 01）

160 - 175

繁體中文

本研究利用前台灣省家庭計畫研究所與美國密西根大學合作之「臺灣老人保健與生活長期追蹤調查」資料(N=2480)，針對外省籍與本省籍老人在日常生活障礙與功能限制情形作比較。本文強調，在臺灣，外省與本省族群老人之間的許多差異是臺灣社會階層化現象中很重要的一個面向。並且，針對這個研究世代的老人家而言，身為一個外省人或本省人也就相當程度地隱含著一個完全不同的生命歷程。研究之目的在探討族群與健康不平等之間的關聯。研究結果顯示，外省老人在功能限制(Functional Limitations)、自我照顧障礙(Self-care Disability)、及社會障礙(Social Disability)等方面都較本省籍老人佔優勢。更重要的是，本省與外省籍老人兩個族群間健康的不平等(Ethnic Health Disparity)，和外省老人較高的社經地位有關。總結本研究的發現，作者認為兩個族群老人在健康上的不平等情形可能無法經由公共衛生介入措施而獲得改善。因為健康上的族群不平等其實是反映出兩個族群在健康機會(Life Chance)上的本質與限制，而這些機會與限制都是深植於社會生活之中。

This study presents a secondary analysis of the data drawn from two waves of a longitudinal survey (N=2480). Specifically, this study compares two major ethnic groups of elders, the native Taiwanese and Mainlanders, in order to understand the role of ethnicity in relation to their disability and functional status among the elderly in Taiwan. The ethnic division between the two groups of elders is considered a salient dimension of social stratification, shaping the elders' pathways through life. The results show that disparities between Taiwanese and Mainlander elders are found in their disabilities and functional limitations, in which Mainlanders are better off. More important, Mainlanders' advantages over Taiwanese are mostly due to their higher socio-economic status. This study concludes that the identified health disparities between Taiwanese and Mainlander elders may not be resolved by short-term public health interventions only. It requires public health workers and policy makers to understand how ethnicity reflects the nature, opportunities, and limitations in health chance that are embedded in our social life.

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