視覺障礙兒童的體適能與身體活動情形及阻礙因素

Physical Fitness, Activities and Barriers of Physical Activities among Visual Impaired Children

10.30072/JDR.200809.0005

周品慧(Pin-Hui Chou)；簡戊鑑(Wu-Chien Chien)

兒童 ； 休閒阻礙 ； 身體活動 ； 視覺障礙 ； 體適能 ； Children ； barrier ； physical activities ； physical fitness ； visual impairment

身心障礙研究季刊

6卷3期（2008 / 09 / 01）

222 - 237

繁體中文

身體活動及體適能狀態對於兒童的身心發展相當重要，更在健康促進上扮演相當重要的角色；過去許多研究針對身心障礙兒童的身體活動狀況進行調查，發現視覺障礙兒童因為缺乏視覺經驗，導致他們在體適能、身體活動情形及所遭遇的阻礙與其他障別兒童有所差異。而身體活動的不足與體適能狀態息息相關，身體活動及體適能又是健康促進重要根本，視障兒童活動顯著地較一般人來的少，且以活動量低的項目為主，運動量尚未達到促進健康的效果，這樣的身體活動情形來自於視障兒童的缺乏同儕、無法從活動中獲得樂趣，以及父母對安全性的擔憂造成。並且，視障兒童在體適能許多項目的表現較一般兒童來的差，因此視障兒童的健康狀況需要更多關注的。本文主要目的為喚醒相關單位對於視障兒童身體活動及體適能的重視，以促進他們的健康；更強調未來應針對視障兒童所遭遇的活動阻礙加以深入了解，進而作為日後推動視障者相關健康福利政策的基礎。

Physical activity and fitness are important issues for children's growth and health promotion. Although there are many studies on the physical activity of disabled children, it is different for visual impaired children compared with other disabled children in physical activity and fitness. The barriers ahead of people with visual impairments toward physical activity and fitness are different as well. Thus, it is necessary to study specifically on visual impaired children on physical activity and fitness to improve their health right. The deficiency of physical activity and the amount of physical activity of visual impaired children are less than those of non-visual impaired children, and these factors will risk to their health. Other factors, such as the visual impaired children have fewer peers and always feel less fun from physical activity due to their disability naturally. In addition, the safety perception of parents of visual impaired children is often hindering their opportunity to improve their physical activity and fitness. Consequently, the status of physical activity of visual impaired children is worse than those of normal children. The purpose of the present paper is to examine the status, barrier and opportunity of physical activity and fitness among visual impaired children, to provide useful information to the welfare and health policy for visual impaired children.

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