照顧者對子宮頸抹片篩檢醫療資源的熟悉程度與相關影響因素分析

Pap Smear Screening Resource Recognition of Caregivers for People with Intellectual Disabilities

10.30072/JDR.201006.0003

宋長霖(Chang-Lin Sung)；林藍萍(Lan-Ping Lin)；劉大文(Ta-Wen Liu)；林金定(Jin-Ding Lin)

子宮頸抹片篩檢 ； 健康認知 ； 醫療服務品質 ； Pap smear ； health perception ； medical care quality

身心障礙研究季刊

8卷2期（2010 / 06 / 01）

99 - 110

繁體中文

子宮頸癌是國內女性好發之癌症之一，若能定期的執行抹片檢查即可早期發現早期治療，降低子宮頸癌之死亡率；因此子宮頸抹片檢查為國內婦女預防保健的重要項目之一，但智能障礙者因為認知功能及自我照顧能力較差，所以其照顧者對於預防保健的熟悉程度更顯重要；本研究主要目的乃分析主要照顧者對子宮頸抹片檢查相關資源的熟悉程度與其影響因素，藉以作為日後進行照顧者衛生教育的依據。本研究採取橫斷性的研究設計，以郵寄結構式問卷方式進行資料收集，選擇戶籍設立於台中縣及宜蘭縣共3283位智能障礙者之主要照顧者為母群進行問卷普查，共回收523份（有效問卷回收率為16.8%）。問卷的內容包含了「基本人口學資料」、「對於子宮頸抹片之健康認知」及「選擇醫院之重視程度」等三個部分，依變項則以照顧者「對於子抹相關醫療資源的熟悉程度」為代表。研究發現，照顧者平均年齡46.19歲且以女性居多，就醫時大多會選擇健保給付的醫院。有六成五的婦女接受過子宮頸抹片篩檢。在羅吉斯迴歸模式中，「自覺認知分數」、「健康認知」及「整體醫療服務品質」對於是否熟悉子抹篩檢資源有達到統計上顯著，表示自覺健康認知高、健康認知分數高及對於醫療服務品質越重視的女性會較熟悉子宮頸抹片篩檢的醫療資源。因此，對於照顧者要先了解其社會文化背景因素，然後提供適當的衛生教育，使其能夠真認為子抹篩檢為非常重要之議題是需要努力的方向。

Cervical cancer is one of the prevalent cancers and it is preventable by early screening. People with intellectual disability are limited in self recognition and self care, the caregivers will play a vital role in their preventive care utilization. Therefore, the present paper aims to examine the Pap smear screening recognition of caregivers for people with intellectual disabilities. We recruited 523 caregivers for people with intellectual disabilities in the study; a structured questionnaire was employed in a cross-sectional survey. The results revealed that sixty-five percents of the respondents have experience in Pap smear screening in national health insurance program. In logistic regression analysis of the recognition of caregivers for people with intellectual disabilities, perception of Pap smear (OR=3.403), self health status (OR=3.403) and medical care quality (OR=4.021) were factors which significantly determined they familiar with Pap smear screening resource. The present study highlights that we should first understand the social-culture background of the caregivers, and then to design and provide appropriate health education to them.

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