學前重度智障孩童如廁行為訓練成效之研究

The Investigation of Effectiveness of Toilet Training on a Preschooler with Severe Mental Retardation

10.30072/JDR.201103.0003

李明洋(Ming-Yang Lee)；郭慧瑜(Huei-Yu Cuo)；陳淑娟(Shu-Jyuan Chen)

如廁訓練 ； 重度智障 ； 學前特教 ； Independent ； preschooler ； severe menial retardation ； toilet training

身心障礙研究季刊

9卷1期（2011 / 03 / 01）

30 - 44

繁體中文

本研究旨在針對一名5歲10個月的學前重度智障孩童，設計一套符合其需求的如廁訓練計畫，以期建立個案主動至廁所使用制式馬桶如廁的技能，並解決其尿濕褲子的問題。本研究係採用單一受試研究法之徹回設計，共分基線期、處理期、撒回期等三階段。結果顯示，本研究所設計的如廁訓練計畫能在短時間內有效降低個案尿濕褲子的次數，並且建立其主動如廁的行為。而在訓練計畫結束後，個案仍具有良好的保留效應，顯示本訓練計畫對於個案具有良的訓練成效，可提供國內教育界、醫療界、養護機構、相關專業人員，以及身障孩童家長，在為學前身障孩童實施如廁訓練時之參考。然而，由於本研究僅以一名個案為研究對象，因此研究結果恐不宜過度推論，需日後更多相關研究加以佐證。

The present study adopted withdrawal design of single subject study to examine the effectiveness of toileting program for a 5-year-old girl with severe mental retardation. The results showed that the participant significantly increased the frequency of independent urinating in the toilet and decreased the number of urinary accidents in a short period of time. After training, participant remained urinating independently although urinary accidents still appeared. Implications of this study were also discussed.

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