幼稚園兒童趴姿伸直表現之研究

A Research for Kindergarten Children's Performance on Prone Extension

10.30072/JDR.201103.0005

林巾凱(Chin-Kai Lin)；吳慧珉(Huey-Min Wu)；曾人和(Jen-Ho Tseng)

感覺統合臨床觀察 ； 姿勢動作 ； 趴姿伸直 ； Clinical observation of sensory integration ； postural movement ； prone extension

身心障礙研究季刊

9卷1期（2011 / 03 / 01）

58 - 71

繁體中文

趴姿伸直測驗(Prone tension test)是職能治療師在感覺統合臨床觀察上會用來評估兒童是否有前庭－本體系統障礙的評估工具之一。雖然趴姿伸直測驗一直持續的被治療師使用，但國內卻缺乏相關的研究，對於測驗的結果也沒有常模做比較。趴姿伸直測驗(prone extension test)是職能治療師在感覺統合臨床觀察上常常用來評估兒童是否有前庭－本體系統障礙的評估項目之一。雖然趴姿伸直測驗被廣泛的使用，但國內卻一直缺乏相關的研究，對於測驗的結果也沒有常模做比較。因此本研究目的是希望能藉著本研究來了解學齡前兒童趴姿伸直的發展情形，並探討趴姿伸直與性別、年齡、體重的相關性，以提供職能治療師臨床觀察評量上可參考的依據。本研究參考文獻計分方式記錄趴姿伸直的時間之外，並針對姿勢的正確性設計了16項的評分標準來了解質的表現。本研究採用立意取樣的方式進行取樣，在資料處理的部份用二因子變異數分析，並考驗體重與趴姿伸直量與質表現之間的相關性。結果發現在性別與年齡沒有交互作用。兒童的性別在趴姿伸直的質與量的分數皆未達到顯著的水準，體重與趴姿伸直的質與量的分數也沒有顯著相關。而就年齡而言，趴姿伸直質的動作表現會因年齡的不同而有差異；而量的表現不因年齡而有所不同。在運用的建議上，因為研究結果顯示質的表現是一項重要的變項，因此建議在測量上不只以趴姿伸直的持續時間做為評斷個案是否有前庭－本體異常的標準，也要以質的分數（動作的正確性）做為判斷。日後的研究建議包括1.進一步收集更多不同的年齡層、及不同區域的個案來研究兒童趴姿伸直的質與量的表現2.建立臥姿彎曲、近端關節穩定度發展的研究，使職能治療在感覺統合臨床觀察評量能作整體客觀的評量依據。3.比較感覺統合障礙與正常兒童趴姿伸直的表現。

Background: Prone extension test is one of the clinical measurements often used by occupational therapists in assessing children of suspected dysfunction of vestibular system. Although prone extension test has been extensively used, however relevant studies are scarce domestically. Aims: The purposes of this study were to understand the development of prone extension for Kindergarten children, plus the determination of possible correlation between prone extension and factors such as gender, age, and weight. At the end, the study expected to provide reference basis of clinical observation for occupational therapists. Methods: The research tool was designed in reference to past literatures. Besides recording the time of prone extension, 16 different scoring scales were designed for the qualitative performance analysis in relation to the accuracy of prone extension. This research employed non-random sampling (sampling on purpose) method to conduct the tests. Two-way ANOVA were used to analyze gender and age effect; as well as the determination of positive correlation between weight and quantitative/qualitative performance of prone extension. Results: The study results apparently showed no significance level by either gender or weight (as per quantitative/qualitative score). As far as age is concerned, obvious qualitative variation was detected for different age in terms of postural extensions displayed. Quantitatively, age difference did not affect the study results. The study results can serve as clinical assessment reference. The results indicated qualitative behavior to be an important variable. Conclusions: According to this result, it is suggested that in addition to base the measurement standard on prone extension time when determining whether an individual demonstrates any vestibular-prorioceptive disorder; qualitative scores should also be taken into consideration in judging the the performance of prone extension. Suggestions for future studies arc: 1. Further research for more sample size to understand the quantitative and qualitative performance in prone extension. 2. Conducting research about supine flexion or stability of proximal part to develop comprehensive clinical observation assessment. 3. Comparing the difference of performance on prone extension among children with sensory integration dysfunction, and normal children.

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1. 張淑華,林巾凱,吳慧珉(2021)。納入評分者嚴苛度之幼兒姿勢動作分析。測驗學刊，68(4)，263-285。