學習障礙兒童的長程聽覺誘發波變化

Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials in Children with Learning Disability

10.29475/TFMR.200701.0003

羅心妤(Hsin-Yu Lo)；李智貴(Chih-Kuei Lee)；趙文崇(Wun-Tsong Chaou)

long-latency auditory evoked potential ； event-related potentials ； learning disability ； P300

臺灣家庭醫學研究

5卷1期（2007 / 01 / 01）

27 - 34

繁體中文

背景：長程聽覺誘發波可以闡述個體對聲音刺激的反應及其認知活動。本研究的目的在於探討學習障礙兒童的長程聽覺誘發電位變化。 方法：篩選診斷為學習障礙的學齡兒童（8-13歲）共65人，另取年齡相當的正常兒童63人為對照組；兩組均接受長程聽覺誘發電位檢查，分析P300波的振幅及潛時值變化。 結果：學障組與正常對照組比較，在頂葉電極(Pz)紀錄點上，學障組P300有顯著的潛時值延長及振幅降低。不論是正常或學障組學齡兒童P300潛時值，均隨年齡增加而縮短；而和性別無關。 結論：由電氣生理學角度來看，P300潛時值延長表示學障兒童在處理外界訊息的認知歷程中，訊息的區辨與鑑別，評估及作出決定的能力有障礙；P300振幅變小則代表學障者對刺激型態的辨別及對刺激反應的注意力也出現問題。

PURPOSE: Long-latency auditory evoked potential (LLAEP) had been used to measure children's physiological response and cognitive activities to external acoustic stimulus. The purpose of the study is to describe the LLAEP in children with learning disability. METHODS: A total of 65 children aged 8-13 years with learning disability and 63 normal children were assessed with LLAEP. The amplitude and latency of their P300 waves were then analyzed and compared. RESULTS: The latency of the P300 waves at the parietal point (Pz) of children with learning disability was significant longer than that of normal children, while the peak amplitude was significant smaller. In both groups, the latency was correlated inversely with age. Gender was not related to either amplitude or latency. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of the P300 waves of LLAEP can be used to assess learning disability in children. The prolonged latency reflected the disturbance in categorization, differentiation, assessment and decision making during cognitive processing in dealing environmental stimuli. The decrease of amplitude represented the disturbance in discrimination and attention to external stimuli.