環境知識與環境行為的測得相關為何偏低？如何從測量上改善？

Why Are the Observed Correlations between Environmental Knowledge and Environmental Behavior so Low? And How to Increase Them?

10.6555/JEER.10.2.001

林新沛(San-Pui Lam)

行動知識 ； 事實知識 ； 效果知識 ； 後設分 ； action-related knowledge ； factual knowledge ； effectiveness knowledge ； meta-analysis

環境教育研究

10卷2期（2014 / 03 / 01）

1 - 26

繁體中文

國外研究發現，環境知識與環境行為之間僅有低相關；而國內許多碩士論文則發現環境知識與環境行為之間的相關更低，甚至在統計上不顯著。本文回顧了15篇於近五年發表，且可取得測量工具全文的國內碩士論文，發現其在環境知識測量上常見的三個問題：（1）過於偏重事實知識；（2）缺乏對應關係或理論關聯；（3）知識題的答案要求過於精準。這些問題使研究中測得的環境知識與環境行為間難以出現高相關。針對這些問題，本文提出五項在測量環境知識時該注意的原則，最後並對環境知識的教育提出建議，期能增進教育的行為改變效果。

Research in other countries found that environmental knowledge and environmental behavior are only weakly correlated. However, the correlations reported in master's theses in Taiwan were even lower, and many of them did not reach statistical significance. This paper reviewed 15 master's theses written in Taiwan in the last five years and discovered three typical problems in their measurement of environmental knowledge. These problems were: (a) overemphasis on factual knowledge; (b) lack of theoretical linkage between the knowledge assessed and behavior assessed; and (c) ＂correct answers＂ were too narrowly defined. These problems might have restricted the observed correlation between environmental knowledge and behavior. Based on this review, several principles to avoid these problems and recommendations for environmental knowledge education were proposed.

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