生態認同一人與環境關係的新視野

Ecological Identity-a New Perspective on the Relationship between Human and the Environment

10.6555/JEER.16.2.131

吳雯菁(Wen-Ching Wu)；劉奇璋(Chi-Chang Liu)

認同 ； 自然連結 ； 環境認同 ； 環境社會學 ； identity ； connectedness with nature ； environmental identity ； environmental sociology

環境教育研究

16卷2期（2020 / 12 / 01）

131 - 164

繁體中文

鑒於過往心理學與社會學的認同研究多忽略環境因素，學者們提出生態認同概念，嘗試連結生態、心理與社會學領域，並提供重要的洞見：人對環境的認知、情感與行動，會影響人對「我是誰」、「我要成為什麼」這生命核心問題的想像與理解。生態認同最初是在後現代處境中被提出，跟隨深層生態學的呼籲，提醒人們需重新意識個人、社會以及整體生態系統是一互依互存的共同體，並以此翻轉對於政治經濟權力控制的觀點。隨著個案研究的發展，生態認同的定義多元而分岐，反映此概念豐富的內涵。整體而言，生態認同關注於人如何在與環境的互動中自我定位，同時探討認同發展歷程中的環境與社會性因素。在環境教育領域，生態認同強調透過反思的歷程，整合個人與環境之間在知識、情感與行動上的經驗，並藉由不同的敘說與表達實踐，將這些經驗融合為個人認同建構的一部分。

Previous studies on identity in psychology and sociology mostly ignored environmental factors. Scholars have proposed the concept of ecological identity that attempts to connect the research fields of ecology, psychology and sociology and provides important insights: people's perception, emotions and actions towards the environment will affect their imagination and understanding of core questions of life such as ＂who am I＂ and ＂what am I going to be＂. Ecological identity was first proposed in a postmodern era, following the call of deep ecology, which reminds us of interdependence among individuals, society, and ecosystem. With the development of case studies, the definition of ecological identity is diverse and divergent, reflecting the richness of this concept. In general, ecological identity focuses on how people position themselves in the interactions with the environment, and at the same time, pays attention to environmental and social factors in the development of identity. In the field of environmental education, ecological identity emphasizes the integration of knowledge, emotion, and action experiences between individuals and the environment through the process of reflection and integrates these experiences into the construction of personal identity through different narratives and expressive practices.

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