The Portrayal of Women in Two Male Writers’ 228 Stories: ＂Winter Night＂ and ＂Potsdam Chief＂

兩位男作家二二八小說中的女性描寫：〈冬夜〉與〈波茨坦科長〉

趙嵐音(Lan-Yin Chao)

二二八小說 ； 國族寓言 ； 女性描寫 ； 冬夜 ； 波茨坦科長 ； 228 stories ； national allegory ； portrayal of women ； Winter Night ； Potsdam Chief

語文與國際研究

10期（2013 / 12 / 01）

67 - 81

英文

在分析以多樣面貌體現國家論述的二二八小說時，詹明信‧弗雷德里克深具挑撥性的觀念「國族寓言」起著有用的共鳴作用。許多台灣的男性作家在他們的二二八小說中利用女性遭遇來代表台灣；故事中女主角的悲慘命運往往被用來作為二二八事件前後台灣紛亂社會的寓言。這篇論文將探討兩位男性作家呂赫若和吳濁流的二二八小說〈冬夜〉和〈波茨坦科長〉如何運用此種比喻手法。這兩位反對國民黨政權的作家利用女性描寫來做為闡述其政治觀點之機制。兩位作家皆挪用了女性的困境：一個利用女主角的身體使其成為爭奪國家論述意涵和擁有權的戰場，另一個以女主角的境遇來代表台灣人中國夢的幻滅。此論文將探討這種挪用手法及伴隨之複製男性剝削女性行為兩者隱含之意義。

Fredrick Jameson's provocative notion of national allegory has useful resonance in an examination of February 28th(228) stories in Taiwan which variously embody discourses of the nation. Numerous Taiwanese male writers employ the figure of a woman to embody Taiwan in their 228 stories. The stories of female protagonists' destiny are often ”allegories of the embattled situation” of Taiwanese society both around the time of the 228 repression and thereafter. In this essay the ways in which two 228 stories by male writers, ”Winter Night” by Lu Heruo and ”Potsdam Chief” by Wu Zhuoliu, adopt this trope are examined. Both writers stand in opposition to the Kuomintang regime and use their portrayal of female figures as a mechanism for the promotion of their political views. While in one case the very body of the female protagonist becomes the site of struggle over its meaning and ownership in the second case the female character becomes the embodiment of Taiwan's disillusionment, both authors appropriate the female predicament of victimhood. This essay will explore the implications both of this exploitation and its concomitant replication of male exploitation of women.

1. Ahmad, Aijaz(1992).In Theory: Classes, Nations, Literature.London:Verso.
2. Chao, Lanyin(2012).New Zealand,School of Asian Studies, the University of Auckiand.
3. Chou, Ying-hsiung(1992).Imaginary Homeland: Postwar Taiwan in Contemporary Political Fiction.Modern Chinese Literature,6(1/2),23-38.
4. Grewal, Inderpal(Ed.),Kaplan, Caren(Ed.)(1994).Scattered Hegemonies: Postmodernity and Transnational Feminist Practices.Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press.
5. Jameson, Fredric(1986).Third-World Literature in the Era of Multinational Capitalism.Social Text,15,65-88.
6. Karamcheti, Indira(1999).Writin Rape and the Difference It Makes.Novel: A Forum of Fiction,33(1),125-128.
7. Lin, Sylvia Li-chun(2007).Representing Atrocity in Taiwan: The 2/28 Incident and White Terror in Fiction and Film.New York:Columbia University Press.
8. Stratton, Florence(1994).Contemporary African Literature and the Politics of Gender.London:Routledge.
9. Szeman, Imre(2001).Who's Afraid of National Allegory? Jameson, Literary Criticism, Globalization.The South Atlantic Quarterly,100(3),803-827.
10. 下村作次郎(1997)。從文學讀台灣。Taipei:Qianwei Publications。
11. 吳濁流、彭瑞金(1991)。吳濁流集。Taipei:Qianwei Publications。
12. 李崇綾(2008)。Nanhua University。
13. 岡崎郁子(1997)。台灣文學─異端的系譜。Taipei:Qianwei Publications。
14. 林雙不(1989)。228台灣小說選。Taipei:Zili Evening News。
15. 邱貴芬(1998)。塗抹當代女性二二八撰述圖像。Chung Wai Literary Quarterly，27(1)
16. 邱麗敏(2003)。National Hsinchu University of Education。
17. 洪英雪(2006)。Tunghai University。
18. 許俊雅(1997)。台灣文學論─從現代到當代。Taipei:Nantian。
19. 陳芳明(1998)。在翼台灣：殖民地文學運動史論。Taipei:Maitian Publications。
20. 陳建忠(1998)。被詛咒的文學？─戰後初期（1945-1949）台灣小說的歷史考察。現代小說史綜論，Taipei:
21. 陳棚現(2010)。National Chung Cheng University。
22. 葉石濤(1992)。台灣文學的困境。Kaohsiung:Paise Wenhua。
23. 葉榮鐘(1977)。小屋大車集。Taichung:Zhongyang Bookstore。
24. 簡素琤(1999)。二二八小說中的女性、省籍與歷史。Chung Wai Literary Quarterly，27(10)，30-43。