環境保護或經濟成長：越南與匈牙利的比較研究

Environmental Protection vs. Economic Growth: A Comparative Study of Vietnam and Hungary

柯瓊芳(Chyong-fang Ko)

環境保護 ； 經濟成長 ； 環境顧志耐曲線假設 ； 越南 ； 匈牙利 ； environmental protection ； economic growth ； environmental Kuznest Curve hypothesis ； Vietnam ； Hungary

台灣東南亞學刊

12卷1期（2017 / 04 / 01）

113 - 136

繁體中文

本研究引用第五波「世界價值觀調查」（World Values Survey）資料分析越南與匈牙利的環保議題，並探討選擇環保優先於經濟發展（甚或犧牲工作機會）的決定因素。資料顯示，越南有超過六成的問卷填答者認為環境保護應該優先於經濟發展，但匈牙利卻只有將近一半的問卷填答者有此看法。邏輯迴歸分析結果顯示，選擇環保優先於經濟發展的因素與性別、年齡無關。在越南，居住於較小城鎮、政治參與行動意願較低、自己所屬社區汙染程度較嚴重，以及具有利他行為價值觀者明顯傾向於選擇環保優先於經濟發展。在匈牙利，則是教育程度較高、居住城鎮較大、社會參與程度較高者比較支持環保優先。

The Fifth Wave of the World Values Survey data were drawn upon to investigate the determinants of public attitudes toward environmental concerns in Vietnam and Hungary. The survey data showed that about 60% of the Hungarian respondents hold the belief that environmental protection should be given priority even if doing so causes slower economic growth and some loss of jobs, while only 47% of the Vietnamese respondents believed the same. Logistic regression analyses indicate that the social factors associated with the pro-environmental concerns are dissimilar in Vietnam and Hungary. In Vietnam, respondents who live in highly polluted neighborhoods, who live in small towns, who feel less enthusiastic about political participation, or who hold stronger beliefs in altruism tend to be more likely to express pro-environmental concerns. In Hungary, respondents who received more years of schooling, live in big cities, or engage in more social activities tend to be more likely to express pro-environmental concerns. Meanwhile, age and gender showed insignificant impacts on this issue in both countries.

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