都市化影響之下越南經濟發展與價值觀關係之探究

A Study on Economic Development and Value Change under the Influence of Urbanization in Vietnam

蔡芬芳(Fen-Fang TSAI)；柯瓊芳(Chyong-Fang KO)；張翰璧(Han-Pi CHANG)

現代化 ； 都市化 ； 越南 ； 經濟發展 ； 價值觀 ； modernization ； urbanization ； Vietnam ； economic development ； value

台灣東南亞學刊

12卷1期（2017 / 04 / 01）

79 - 112

繁體中文

越南自1986年經濟改革（Doi Moi, renovation）後，社會與人民生活都產生了明顯變化，尤其以都市化帶來的影響最為顯著。透過研究與都市化現象緊密相關的從鄉村到都市的人口移動與經濟發展，有助於了解越南社會所呈現的價值觀變化，而這也正是值得我們進一步探究之越南社會現代化的面向。在經濟發展、都市化與現代化過程中，社會結構與價值態度會受到影響。本文依據世界價值觀調查研究資料發現，雖然有些價值態度會隨著越南都市化持續不斷發展而產生變化，但「村莊結構」依然堅固，且更堅守傳統價值，以因應都市生活。本研究結果顯示，越南的都市化、人口移動、經濟發展與價值觀的變遷之間，並非完全單向發展，會因為傳統文化的特殊性而呈現出不同於西方國家的發展面貌與趨勢。

Since the economic reform of Vietnam in 1986(Doi Moi, renovation), huge changes take place in society and people's lives, among others, urbanization. Looking at migration of rural population to the urban areas and economic development helps understand value changes. This also takes us further into grasping modernization in Vietnam. In the process of economic growth, urbanization and modernization, social structures and values are affected. Based on World Values Survey, this study indicates that urbanization in Vietnam keeps developing, some values change, but notably, ＂village structure＂ still insists, and people stick to traditional value, in order to survive in urban life. In conclusion, the relationships between urbanization, population mobility, economic development, and value changes in Vietnam are not developed in a single direction and it takes different forms due to its traditional culture.

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