從天人關像看《淮南子》中的氣化宇宙觀－以〈原道〉、〈俶真〉、〈精神〉為例

From the Relationship ofHeaven and Man to Explore the Qi-Hua Cosmology in ＂yuan Tao＂, ＂Chu Zhen＂and ＂Jing Shen＂ of 'Huai Nan Zi'- also discuss its relationship with the Tao theory of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi

張伯宇(Po-Yu Chang)

准南子 ； 氣 ； 氣化宇宙觀 ； 道 ； 道家 ； 天人關係 ； Huai Nan Zi ； Qi-Hua Cosmology ； Tao ； Taoism ； Relationship of Heaven and Man

先秦兩漢學術

21期（2014 / 03 / 01）

83 - 103

繁體中文

本文以「天人關餘」（天、地、人、我的在世互動）為觀察基礎，先集中在「道」的觀念上，討論〈原道〉中的天人觀問題；再配合〈做真〉與〈精神〉中「氣化」的內容，以「氣化宇宙觀」統體解釋。其中將「道」理解為人生迎向世界、體現通體感時，對造化根源的親悟；此根源性既表現為天、地、人、我互動的秩序，則在此秩序的保證下，萬事萬物自然的相生相續，便是造化的動力或作用，即可以「氣化」形容之。就中國哲學以實踐或存在為優先的理路來說，是從一體感通之體驗處發明氣化宇宙觀；而不是思辨構作一氣化宇宙觀，再據此往下推論或規定一體感通之理。最後，將此「氣化宇宙觀」與先秦道家的《老子》、《莊子》內七篇其天人思想大概，作一較論，擬以窺知漢初道家對先泰道家繼承與轉變的消息。

In this paper, it takes the relationship of heaven and man as the observation basis. Firstly, it centralizes the concept of Tao and discuss the view of heaven and man in ＂Yuan Tao＂. And then, to co-operate the Qi-Hua content of ＂Chu Zhen＂and ＂Jing Shen＂ to explain as Qi-Hua Cosmology. When people face to the world, reflect the sense of species and learn from the root of creator, all can be took the understanding of Tao. It perform the peace among the interaction of heaven, earth, mankind, and the ego. Under this peace, all things on earth will become mature naturally, and that is the power or effect of creator. We may describe it as Qi-Hua. Finally, compare the Qi-Hua Cosmology to Lao Zi of Pre-Qin Taoism , and the thoughts about Heaven and Man in Zhuang Zi, it may able to realize the inheritance and change from the early Han Dynasty Taoists to Pre-Qin Taoism.