英文摘要
|
Rolling Zheng (軋箏, Yazheng) is generally regarded as the lost musical instruments of Tang Dynasty, and I hope literature on it inspires me with performing skills. After studying, I was surprised to find out that its heritage is not cut off from Tang Dynasty.In order to contrast original text with other versions, I did my utmost to find out the details of the source of all literature about rolling Zheng, and displayed the details of the original and contemporary books published. To find out the historical development of rolling Zheng, the content will be introduced and interpreted in chronological order.The debut of rolling Zheng-Shr Jiau-ran's work ”Admiring the Two Beauties of Official Li Hung Singing and Rolling Zheng Song (when he was posted to Huzhou)” is in the spring of A.D. 790 in Tang Dynasty. From Tang to Song Dynasty, the rolling Zheng experiences three stages, from the ”rolling” Zheng (press hard against Zheng strings by something to make sound) to ”rolling Zheng,” and then ”Rolling Zheng(Yazheng)” which has a variation in shape to Zheng, turning a way of playing into the name of an independent musical instrument with unique type system.Rolling Zheng existed in the imperial court and folk area in Tang and Song Dynasties, except the imperial court of Northerrn Song, which is not confirmed. The playing form consisted of solo, vocal accompaniment, small ensemble, large ensemble, and the playing posture included sitting and standing.The first edition ”Tungdian(通典)” I think should emphasize rubbing strings before and after by a piece of bamboo in straight-line trajectory-pushing and pulling. Afterwards, ”ruen (潤)” had replaced ”ruan(撋)” in ”Jioutangs hu(舊唐書),” highlighting the lubricative character of a piece of bamboo after processing. Therefore, the later editions ”Tungdian” was affected to use ”ruen.” ”Ruan” is not a misspelt word for ”ruen,” but retains the history of processing a piece of bamboo to pursuing better tone quality.After the turn of Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty, ”Rolling Zheng (Yazheng)” can be called ”Qin” or ”QinZheng”. A number of names coexisted can be understood as polyonymosity. The pronunciation (ㄑㄧㄣˊ, qín) and the meaning of the two terms ”Qin (上竹下秦)” and ”Qin (秦) are the same.
|