遷徒、飲食方式與民族學文化圈：緬甸華人飲食文化的地域性再生產

Migration, Foodways and Cultural Spheres: Reproduction of Localization in Burmese Chinese Dietary Culture

10.30152/JCDC.201210.0002

段穎(Ying Duan)

緬甸華人 ； 遷移 ； 飲食方式 ； 民族學文化圈 ； Burmese Chinese ； migration ； foodways ； ethnological field

中國飲食文化

8卷2期（2012 / 10 / 01）

43 - 69

繁體中文

華人遷徙世界各地，歷史悠久，作為社會、文化與群體之流動，移民所引發的社會後果複雜多樣。飲食，作為人類生存發展之基礎，更反映出人類的文化調適與再造。本文通過對緬甸華人飲食文化的人類學研究，意圖闡述緬甸各地華人飲食文化的特徵、傳承與流變，進而說明不同人文地理環境與地方化過程對緬甸各地華人飲食所產生的重要影響，華人聚集所形成的民族文化圈，又對不同地區華人飲食方式的延續與發展提供了各不相同的社會環境與物質條件。此外，上、下緬甸等各地華人飲食文化的比較研究同時也反映出同一民族國家內部華人移民多元多樣的生活方式與社會境遇，以及跨國性與全球化等外部因素對其產生的影響。

There is a long history of Chinese migration around the globe. In terms of culture and group identities, the consequences of this migration are diverse and complex. Food, as the primary form of human sustenance, is a suitable lens for reflecting on cultural adaptation and human reproduction. On the basis of an anthropological study of Chinese foodways in Burma, this article explores continuity and change of Chinese foodways in different places in Burma. It shows that Burmese Chinese foodways are influenced by human geography and process of localization, and the Chinese ethnological fields in different places provide certain social settings and material conditions for the development of Chinese foodways. Moreover, the comparative study of Chinese dietary culture in Upper and Lower Burma also shows the various ways of life and social circumstances of Chinese in Burma, and the impacts of factors such as transnationalism and globalization on Chinese foodways from the outside world.

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