視覺意象在排球動作學習上之研究

The Study of Visual Imagery on Motor Learning of Volleyball

10.6948/SVC.201210.0022

吳高讚(Kao-Tsan Wu)

心智練習 ； 外在意象 ； 內在意象 ； 視動行為複演 ； 自我談話 ； mental practice ； external imagery ； internal imagery ； visuo-motor behavior rehearsal ； self-talk

排球教練科學

18期（2012 / 10 / 15）

22 - 28

繁體中文

目的：本研究之目的在探討視覺意象的理論及其在動作學習上的應用。方法：審視視覺意象的理論，經由分析與歸納來論述其在排球動作學習上之應用。結果：一、技術越高者越能從認知性的動作中獲得心智練習的效果。二、心智練習對認知性及身體性的動作均有效果；心智練習結合身體練習可加大練習效果。三、錄影帶視覺意象的練習使內、外在意象的內容更為具體與清晰，其具有誘導動作學習的效果。四、外在意象較有利於動作型態與速度之應用；內在意象較有利於動作控制與精確之應用；外在意象結合內在意象可加大練習效果。五、認知屬性動作技術之範疇含注意力廣度、動作意圖與視覺掃瞄等。六、視動行為複演利用內、外在意象來體驗肌肉知覺與動作型態。結論：一、心智練習結合身體練習強化認知性及身體性動作技術的學習。二、外在意象結合內在意象強化動作型態與肌肉知覺。建議：未來研究的方向為內外在意象的組合、影片的呈現與自我談話的內容等。

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to explore the theories of visual imagery and their applications on motor learning. Method: Inspecting the theories of visual imagery and expounding the applications on motor learning of volleyball via analysis and induction. Results: A. The more skillful the players were, the more effects of the mental practice the players could get from cognitive movements. B. Mental practice had effects on both cognitive and physical movements; Mental practice combined with physical practice could strengthen practicing effects. C. The practice of visual imagery in videotape made the content of internal and external imagery more concrete and distinct, which had the effect of inducing the motor learning. D. External imagery was more advantageous to the applications of motor patterns and speed while internal imagery is more advantageous to the applications of motor control and precision. External imagery combined with internal imagery could strengthen the practicing effects. E. The range of cognitive motor skills includes width of attention, motor attempt and visual scanning and so on. F. Visuo-motor behavior rehearsal used internal and external imagery to experience kinesthesis and motor patterns. Conclusions: A. Mental practice combined with physical practice could strengthen the learning of cognitive and physical motor skills. B. External imagery combined with internal imagery could strengthen motor patterns and kinesthesis. Suggestion: The directions of the future research lie in the combinations of internal and external imagery, presentations of films and contents of self-talk and so forth.

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