從陶淵明的思想檢視現代休閒觀

From the thought of Tao Yuan-Ming to View the Leisure Outlook in the Modern Society

10.6746/LIR.201103_9(1).0001

何秉燦(Ping-Tsan Ho)；蔡欣佑(Hsin-Yu Tsai)

陶淵明 ； 工作 ； 休閒 ； 生活型態 ； Tao Yuan-Ming ； Work ； Leisure ； Lifestyle

休閒事業研究

9卷1期（2011 / 03 / 01）

1 - 16

繁體中文

許多現代人往往把休閒當作是工作後的放鬆，工作及休閒成為對立的兩面。辛苦工作之後，常常汲汲於外求，透過宣洩、大肆的消費的方式來獲得「解放」，似乎無助於內心的虛弱，亦未嘗試了解休閒的本質。古希臘學者亞里斯多德認為：休閒是終身的，不是一個短暫時間的感覺，經由人對自己的反思，透過冥想，而能得到自我的解放。中國魏晉時期的詩人陶淵明追求本我、崇尚自然，在其著名的詩作中，我們了解到真誠的入世表現，他描寫田園、描繪自然景物，表現對生活的悠閒愜意。陶淵明努力在紛亂的社會中思考自己的本質與存在，在尋找的過程中，體會到了休閒的真意。反觀現代人應該理解休閒是從心理出發，而不假外求的。一味追求身外之物，或許會帶來了部分的外在滿足，卻可能導致自我的喪失，若然，真正的休閒則可能永遠不會到來。本文嘗試分析現代的工作與生活價值觀，並從陶淵明的思想觀念來檢視休閒的本質，進而探討現代人如何建立休閒的價值觀，體會何謂真正的休閒。

Nowadays people regard leisure as a form of relaxation after work. People increasingly define leisure as the opposite of work or obligation. Some people are trying to acquire ”relaxation happiness” by buying more and more material processions after hard working. However, it seems that this kind of relaxation does not fulfill spiritually and people have not also tried to understand the essence of leisure. Ancient Greek Philosopher Aristotle suggested that leisure was central wider view of the life, as being about free and exalted soul through meditation. Ancient Chinese Poet Tao Yuan-Ming emphasized ”seeking true self” and ”seeking nature” by portraying countryside and natural landscape in his poetry. He explored the nature of leisure from thinking the essence of himself. Nowadays people should understand that acquiring a sense of leisure is starting from free mind, not from the material world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the values of work in relationship to life in the context of Tao Yuan-Ming's leisure concept and further explore the values of leisure in the modern world.