喪親悲慟的見證：社會成員類別分析法的運用

Witness the Suffering of Bereaved Individuals -The Usage of Membership Categorization Analysis

10.6537/TJHPC.2017.22(2).2

黃鳳英(Feng-Ying Huang)

喪親悲傷 ； 俗民方法論 ； 社會成員類別分析法 ； Bereavement Grief ； Ethnomethodology ； Membership Categorization Analysis

安寧療護雜誌

22卷2期（2017 / 07 / 01）

138 - 163

繁體中文

研究目的：本研究主要探究喪親家屬作為「喪親者」之身分、家庭成員間互動及其文化背景對其悲慟經驗的影響。研究方法：以俗民方法論及社會成員類別分析法為主要研究法。結果與結論：以半結構敘事訪談三位喪親家屬發現影響喪親者悲慟的因素包含：與去世親人間之生前關係、喪親者本身的特殊障礙身分及其家庭成員的角色、喪親者受文化認知影響的表達模式及對死亡發生所賦予的詮釋、死亡發生的型態等。三位個案分別呈現在華人文化背景脈絡下喪親者之獨特經驗，又喪親者在某些悲傷情緒的表達，使用隱含、軀體化表述方式，故了解喪親者敘事的脈絡是理解其悲傷的重要因素。整體而言，本研究個案呈現文化背景對於悲慟經驗的影響，專業人員在使用西方理論時需先了解其個別意義的詮釋，方能提供有效的介入。

Research Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ＂bereaved＂ identity knowledge and the relative contextual information of death, as well as how interaction with family members sharpens bereaved individuals' grief reactions through a semi-structured narrative interview. Research Methods: Ethnomethodological approach and Membership Categorization Analysis are adopted in this study. Research Findings: The result has showed that bereavement grief is shaped by a participant's cultural background; the relationship with the deceased, the handicap and their family role location, how other family members understand death, culture-bound coping modes of the bereaved, and the cause of death all have an effect on bereavement grief. Understanding the bereaved experience requires certain sensitivity to the cultural context of the death. Furthermore, some Taiwanese used implied and somatic methods to express their grief, which can only be identified by the contextual information within their personal narratives. Based on our research results, we recommend first exploring the daily life conditions and their narratives of the bereaved persons, instead of applying the theoretical model directly into his/her experience even before evaluating the bereavement or providing an intervention service.

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