“他／她”究竟長什麼樣子？－中部地區高中職學生死亡擬人化初探

What Does He/She Look Like? A Pilot Study on Death Personification of Senior High School Students in Central Taiwan

10.29844/JLDS.200707.0003

黎慧珍(Hui-Chen Li)；蔡明昌(Ming-Chang Tsai)

高中生 ； 死亡擬人化 ； High school students ； Death personification

生死學研究

6期（2007 / 07 / 01）

47 - 90

繁體中文

死亡在人們心中究竟是什麼樣的形象？面對這件自古以來即與人類生活相伴卻又苦無機會實際體驗的大事，我們究竟如何看待它？這是一件值得探討的議題。本研究以高中生為對象，探討其死亡擬人化的情況，以作為將來一系列死亡擬人化相關研究的開端。研究者採用調查研究法，參酌Kastenbaum(1997)所使用的問卷，編修「死亡擬人化問卷」為研究工具，包含「死亡」之性別、年齡、個性、衣服配件、外型與音質等內容，採分層隨機抽樣方式，以九十四學年度就讀於中部地區七縣市之公私立高中（職）學生共1168人為研究對象，有效問卷回收率為97.3%。研究結果顯示高中生的死亡擬人化意象以負向為多且性別不拘，可歸納為「無情劍客型」、「冷酷槍手型」、「倩女幽魂型」、「現代少女型」、「憂鬱少女型」等五種類型。

How do people conceptualize Death? How do people form their mental images of Death when they have no real experience in this regard but have to face the related issues every day? To answer these questions, the researchers began with exploration of high school students' concepts of death personification. The data collection tool was adapted from Kastenbaum's (1997) questionnaire, which was intended to elicit the characteristics of Death, including its gender, age, personality, accessories, outfit, appearance, and voice quality. By random sampling, this study investigated 1168 students of senior high schools in Central Taiwan. The study results showed that most subjects perceived Death in a negative way. In terms of gender, there is no statistically significant difference between students who categorized Death as female and those who classified it as male. To sum up, the subjects portrayed five main types of Death; they are ”Ruthless Swordsman”, ”Cruel Gunman”, ”Chinese Female Ghostly Spirit”, ”Contemporary Young Girl”, and ”Gloomy School Girl”.