以賽局報酬矩陣分析虛擬團隊成員信任度

Using Payoff Matrix of Game Theory to Improve the Trustiness of Virtual Team

10.30167/JOIT.200906.0019

邱天嵩(Tien-Sung Chio)；翁予恒(Yu-Hen Wong)

虛擬組織 ； 信任特徵 ； 賽局理論 ； Virtual organization ； Game theory ； Trust characteristic

亞東學報

29期（2009 / 06 / 01）

155 - 167

繁體中文

2008年世界金融海嘯延續至今，企業爲節撙人事成本，虛擬團隊之有效運用，已是愈來愈重要的課題。虛擬團隊係以任務爲核心，團隊成員在時間和空間上具有各自的獨立性；團隊內部通常採用面對面交流和網路通訊技術交流相結合的模式進行溝通；虛擬團隊匯集了團隊任務相關領域的專家，利用自身知識與技術解決了地理環境、人力素質、資源配置不均等問題。 影響虛擬團隊績效的關鍵因素主要有三：溝通、信任及合作。許多調查已經顯示信任是關鍵因素內的首要指標。因爲在團隊內任何合作工作的協調方式是通過信任和通訊系统。爲了使虛擬團隊成功，合作成員之間必須存在信任。特别當合作任務含有個人主觀風險或欺騙行爲時，信任被認爲是合作成功的先決條件。因此信任在虚擬團隊中更是重要。 本研究在探討虛擬團隊的本質特徵，重點在分析提升成員之間信任關係之條件時機。透過賽局理論研究虛擬團隊成員在團隊運作間如何因應動態變化採取不同信任策略，並透過最佳報酬矩陣，以提升信任對團隊的影響力，改善互信的障礙。實驗證明團隊成員透過報酬矩陣的分析，可以判斷最佳信任策略與改善時機，企業家更可利用1.對團隊成員先期選擇與評估2.拓展團隊成員之間的溝通管道3.明確律定團隊目標與成員分工4.建立高度相容的文化氣氛等輸入項，具體改善虛擬團隊的信任。

There are more and more enterprises establishing the virtual organization to cope with the market mechanism that changed fast. The virtual organization is base on mission as the core. The group members have their own independent character on the time and space. The groups usually communicate by face to face and communication technology of the network. The virtual group gather relevant expert of task, and these experts utilize their own knowledge and technology through network to link up their work; furthermore, solving unequal problem of geographical environment, manpower quality, and resource distribution. In our study, we focused on three key factors of influence of the virtual organization performance: communication, trust, cooperation. A lot of investigations have already shown that trust is primary indicator. In virtual organization, any coordination way of work are utilized with trust and communication system in order to make the virtual organization successful, there must be trust between cooperative members. Trust is considered to be the cooperative prerequisite condition for success. It is more important in the virtual organization. In this research, the essential characteristic of the virtual organization is to establish the optimization strategy of the trusting relationship between members. Through Game Theory probe into virtual organization members how to face dynamic change and how to adopt different strategy of trust, then to use the best payoff matrix. Finally, we proposed the payoff matrix to analyze trust value.

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