全觀型政府電子治理的議題與挑戰

Challenges and Issues in E-governance of Holistic Government

崔灝東(Hau-Dong Tsui)；李長彥(Tsang-Yean Lee)；李中彥(Chong-Yen Lee)

全觀型政府 ； 電子化政府 ； 電子治理 ； 資訊與通訊技術 ； e-government ； e-governance ； holistic government ； information communication technology

多國籍企業管理評論

3卷2期（2009 / 09 / 01）

101 - 114

繁體中文

隨著數位經濟的發展，有關良善治理的概念相形重要。從電子化政府(e-government)至電子治理(e-governance)的進程，亦意味著政府施政的透明度、快速的資訊傳播、較高的行政效率和良好的公共服務皆有著正面的產出。然而，從經驗法則觀察各國政府推動電子治理，大多專注於資訊技術取向而缺乏融入社會觀點。因此，就如同二律背反(antinomy)、刀之雙刃般，政府在擷取由網絡資通技術所驅動的世界發展契機之同時，亦引領著我們步入隱藏的危機當中；再者，政府常因其採行由上而下的單向解決方式，無法取得民眾之共識而導致失敗。因此，建立政府與公民社會之間的對話管道、鼓勵更多的公民參與、進行監督與增加政府公共服務的課責性，業已形成一個積極而廣泛的改善手段。 經過了二十年來的努力，資通技術正以錯綜複雜的方式日益滲透到經濟、社會和文化等各個層面，但同時亦產生電子化政府至電子治理的過程更應具有包容性及多元化的全觀型作為。各國政府在回顧歷年遂行措施的同時亦應設法找出未來所面臨的機會和挑戰；藉由持續發展各種有效性、反應性、永續性的治理機制，以解決公、私組織及第三部門(thirdsector)之間的複雜脈絡關係，確為不容遲緩之必然課題。 本文嘗試在强調高度民主參與和高度分工整合的全觀型政府思維下，就有關政府、治理和社會等三個利害關係角色之間的多層面向，進行建構概括性的電子治理互動模式。本文採用內容分析法(content analysis)以取得最終的研究結論，相關的文獻資料來源包括政府法規、官方出版品、學術期刊及研究報告。

As the era of digital economy evolves, the concept of good governance assumes a greater significance. It is expected that from e-government to e-governance will result in improved transparency, speedy information dissemination and higher administrative efficiency for better public services. Nevertheless, in experience the government is using a technical lens rather than social prospect to look into e-governance solutions, and as a consequence like a double-edge sword antinomy, it not only comes to capturing the opportunities but also addressing the risks of networked information and communication technologies driven world; Furthermore, governments quite often failed due to their top-down approach and their inability to consult the citizen even let alone the poor. To remedy this, establishing dialogue between civil society and state, encouraging more civil participation for monitoring and enhancing the accountability of public services is a positive attitude. After two decades of efforts, information and communication technologies tend to change the economy, society and culture in increasingly pervasive and complex ways, and that demand a more holistic and flexible perspective as well as a shift from e-government to e-governance. Governments must now look at their achievements and try to identify new challenges and opportunities for the medium and long-term future; Developing efficient, reflective and sustainable governance mechanisms and corresponding tools to master and steer their underlying dynamics in both public and private organizations becomes a necessity. This paper tries to outline a framework into future scenario and offers a way to consider the wide array of concerns that will influence the prospects of government, governance, and society. And the findings and conclusions rest on a content analysis, the related source of literature and artifacts include government provisions, official publications, academic journals and some research papers.

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