葛雷哥與時代的信仰

El Greco and the Faith of His Time

10.29702/JJFL.200607.0007

傅玉翠(Andrea Yu-Tsuey Fu)

葛雷哥 ； 矯飾主義 ； 圖像學 ； 西班牙繪畫 ； 宗教畫 ； El Greco ； Mannerism ； Iconography ； Spanish painting ； Religious painting

輔仁外語學報

3期（2006 / 07 / 31）

145 - 190

繁體中文

西班牙文化史上的黃金時代正逢帝國發展之際，此時全歐各地宗教改革運動正如火如荼地展開；為力挽狂瀾，西班牙帝國在政治上展現的威嚴與近乎狂熱的宗教信仰使得這個時代的西班牙文化有其相當肅穆的一面。本論文的主題是這個時代的畫家葛雷哥(El Greco)的宗教畫，這一位出生於希臘克里特島卻成名於西班牙的畫家，結合了拜占庭、威尼斯、羅馬的藝術創造出獨特的繪畫語言、形象與氛圍，奇異詭譎、神秘又令人心悸，被譽為矯飾主義大師。他也被稱為神秘主義畫家，他彷彿又回到中古時代，從心靈的深處找尋對宗教信仰最單純、最虔誠的力量。我們將探討這位矯飾主義的大師如何從當時的經典規則中解放出來，完全不被當時文藝復興走向世俗的運動所影響，藉由獨樹一格的畫風吟唱一個個神聖故事。他大部份作品都是和宗教有關，在本文中我們選擇了四幅宗教畫說明葛雷哥如何成為西班牙那個時代信仰最好的詮釋者。

The Golden Age of cultural history in Spain occurs at the peak of the development of Spanish Empire. In the mean time, movements of religious reformation in Europe started like wildfire. In order to turn the tide, the Spanish Empire made vigorous efforts to improve political prestige and the religious faith with zeal. These made the culture of this time solemn. The article mainly focuses on the religious paintings of El Greco in this time. Born in Crete of Greek, the painter El Greco became famous in Spain. Many of his works are related to religion. By integrating the arts of Byzantine, Venice and Rome, he had created unique painting style, image and atmosphere which are unusual and cunning, mysterious and palpitating with terror. Thus, he was called 'the Master of Mannerism'. Meanwhile, he was called 'the Painter of Mysticism'. It looked as if he had returned to the Middle Age and found the simplest and most devout power from the deepest of the soul in religious faith. Here investigates how the Master of Mannerism liberated himself from the classical principles in his time without being influenced by secular activities of the Renaissance. He had overthrown the trend of being loyal to the visual representation in style. Through his unique painting style, he recited holy stories. Four religious paintings selected in the article, the writer attempts to express how El Greco became the best interpreter of faith in his time in Spain.

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