慢性病心理社會模式之探討：以癌症為例

Literature Review on the Psychosocial Health Model of Chronic Illness: Examples from the Cancer Research

10.6550/ACP.200612_3(2).0001

林耀盛(Yaw-Sheng Lin)

慢性病 ； 心理社會觀點 ； 主觀福祉 ； 心理福祉 ； Chronic illness ； Psychosocial perspective ； Subjective well-being ； Psychological well-being

臨床心理學刊

3卷2期（2006 / 12 / 01）

56 - 67

繁體中文

目的：本文將以心理社會模式觀點為主軸，以癌症研究為例，說明「慢性病心理學」的研究議題及未來研究方向。 方法：本文經由文獻回顧法，以四個模式－慢性病心理病理模式、慢性病心理成長模式、咱們感社會支持因應模式和單向度行動類型因應模式，討論癌症的心理社會議題。 結論：近年來的慢性病心理學，主要的種趨勢是認可「慢性病是模糊性失落經驗」和「慢性病是個體與環境互動事件」，由此獲致三項觀點。(1)從疾病管理到生病經驗的關係觀點，顯示慢性病是心理社會事件。(2)以享樂典範和幸福典範為軸，建構U型心理社會模組的後設概念｡(3)U型心理社會模組的臨床應用，得以落實生物心理社會健康模式，並實踐人類潛能。

Objective: This review article explored the current issues and future research directions of chronic illness from psychosocial perspectives using cancer research as an example. Method: Literature review and model comparisons are conducted. Four psychosocial models of chronic illness which are named collectively as U-shape psychosocial module are discussed, namely, psychopathology model, psychological growth model, the sense of we-ness of social support and unidirectional action type coping. Conclusion: Recent papers examining psychosocial perspectives of chronic illness have come to a consensus that ”Chronic illness is an experience of ambiguous loss”, and ”the sufferers ”experience complex feelings of ambiguous loss,” and that ”Chronic illness is the interaction between the individual and the environment.” Three perspectives are derived from these findings: a. Chronic illness is not only a personal encounter, but also a social event. This implies that the perspective is changed from disease management to illness experience, and therefore from cure and compliance to care and empowerment; b. From hedonic paradigms related to the sense of subjective and psychological well-being, the meta-concept of the U-shaped psychosocial module is proposed to provide a basis for comparison between the four models discussed in the paper; c. Application of the U-shaped psychosocial module in clinical interventions could help us further understand the active ingredients and the role of self-actualization in the field of health psychology.

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