自閉症障礙兒童／青年之臉孔情緒辨識與眼神追蹤眼動表現的關聯性研究

Eye-Movement Behaviors of Facial Expression Recognition and Gaze Following in Children and Youngsters with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Do the Two Tasks Correlate

10.6550/ACP.1001.001

劉耿良(Gen-Liang Liu)；顧維倫(Wei-Lun Ku)；陳學志(Hsueh-Chih Chen)；楊宗仁(Tsung-Ren Yang)；林慧麗(Hui-Li Lin)

自閉症障礙 ； 眼動 ； 臉孔表情辨識 ； 眼神追蹤 ； 社會定向 ； autistic spectrum disorders ； eye movement ； facial expression recognition ； eye gaze following ； social orienting

臨床心理學刊

10卷1期（2016 / 06 / 01）

1 - 16

繁體中文

目的：社會定向不佳被認為是自閉症障礙的心理病理機轉，本研究旨在驗證本觀點。方法：本研究共招募22 名自閉症障礙學童／青年為實驗組，其中17 名完成作業；以性別、年齡與語文智商配對26 名參與者對照組，測量其於「臉孔表情辨識作業」與「眼神追蹤作業」之眼動表現，檢視組間差異，並依理論預測不分組兩作業間眼動型態有關聯。結果：進行臉孔表情辨識時，凝視眼部的時間越少者，利用眼神線索搜尋物件越慢，且凝視該物件之時間越短；臉孔表情辨識歷程中注視嘴比上眼的凝視時間達統計臨界顯著水準；若告知要看眼神追蹤作業中圖片主角所注視的物件，僅有對照組會花較長的時間注視該物件。結論：跨作業的相關符合社會定向理論的預測。

Objective: Social orienting impairment has been proposed as one of the psychopathological mechanisms of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). This impairment causes social cognitive deficiency in individuals with ASD. Based on the social orienting hypothesis, this study used eye-tracking techniques to assess eye movement performance of two tasks, facial expression recognition and gaze following, in children/youngsters with ASD and compared their performances with counterparts without ASD, and also predicted the performance of the two tasks should be correlated. Methods: Totally 22 children/youngsters with ASD were recruited as experimental group, but only 17 of them were able to complete all tasks; moreover, 26 children/youngsters without ASD were recruited as control, whose gender, chronological age and verbal IQ matched those of the experimental group. Results: The results show that tendencies of differences could be found between the two groups when comparing their mouth/eyes fixation time ratios during the facial expression recognition task; only the control group was affected by the explicit instruction to follow gazes of the persons in the pictures and spent more time looking at the focus-objects during the gaze following task; and across the groups, the shorter period of time a child fixated in eye regions when processing the facial expression recognition task, the slower the child would find socially cued objects when processing the eye gaze following task, and the shorter period of time the children would fixate on the objects. Conclusion: The results of this study support the social orienting theory.

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