視覺焦點遠近與週邊視覺光流對知覺歷程身體擺動的影響

The Distance Effect of Visual Focus and the Influence of Periphery Optic Flow on Body Sway during Perceiving

10.6497/BSEPT.20101101_(17).0002

劉紋岑(Wen-Tsen Liu)；楊梓楣(Chih-Mei Yang)

視覺焦點遠近 ； 週邊視覺光流 ； 身體擺動 ； visual focuses distance ； periphery optic flow ； body sway

臺灣運動心理學報

17期（2010 / 11 / 01）

17 - 29

繁體中文

目的：視覺除了提供個體有關環境中物體的距離及空間相對位置，亦可調整其身體擺動。環境的訊息結構可經由身體擺動造成視覺光流而被感知，視覺光流會因觀察點或站立位置不同而改變，進而影響知覺者之身體姿勢。但有關個體視覺焦點遠近與視覺光流阻隔範圍不同所引致的身體擺動議題仍需進一步探討。本研究旨在檢驗相同視角下，視覺焦點距離遠近及阻隔週邊視覺訊息是否影響個體身體擺動。方法：研究對象爲視力正常或經矯正後視力正常之成人12名，其平均年齡24.3±1.0歲及眼高平均157.0±4.2公分。實驗情境分爲雙腳站立於平地、木寬爲5.5公分橫放的木條與前後腳立於直放的木條，每種情境分爲四種視覺焦點距離遠近與三種視覺光流阻隔範圍，合計21次試作，資料收集以六自由度磁力追蹤儀(Polhemus LIBERTY)與MotionMonitor軟體收集，並以相依樣本二因子變異數分析與t-test進行統計考驗。結果：研究結果發現當個體處於視覺焦點距離較遠的情境中所產生的身體擺動較大，此外，有阻隔視覺光流情境所產生的身體擺動大於無阻隔之情境，但是阻隔視覺光流範圍小卻引致較大的身體擺動。結論：視覺焦點與不同阻隔範圍的視覺光流會影響個體的姿勢，當環境訊息改變，個體會調整身體擺動以維持身體平衡。

Purpose: Vision can provide not only the information about the objects in the environment, but also can affect organism's body sway. The information of the environment can be perceived by way of optic flow caused by body sway. The optical flow could be changed by the individual standing different places and different observation points. The peripheral visual information may contribute to the condition on the body sway. The perspectives that different distance of visual focus and different level of occlusions of the peripheral visual information still need to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the body sway in the different distance focuses and different level of occlusions of the peripheral visual information. Methods: There were twelve adults served as participants (age=24.3±1.0 years old). Standing on the ground, anterior-posterior, and lateral wooden bars were the conditions in the experiment. Each condition was composed of four distances of visual focus and three level of occlusions optical flow, so there were 21 trials in the experiment. The data were collected by the hardware of Polhemus LIBERTY and the software of Motion Monitor. A repeated measures design two-way ANOVA and t-test were employed to analyze the data. Results: The results indicated that the far visual focus and the occluding peripheral optical flow induced more body sway. Conclusion: In conclusion, the individual's body sway was influenced by different distance visual focuses and different level of occlusions of the peripheral visual optic flow. When the information of the environment was different or changed, the individual could regulate their body sway to perceive more information in the environment and improve their posture stability.

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